Showing posts with label retribution. Show all posts
Showing posts with label retribution. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Rescue

7.25.19
Judgement

Rescue
Me
救我 
Jiù wǒ
助けてくれ 
Tasuketekure
ps7
Eripe me

The purpose for punishment is correction.
Where is correction without redemption?


The blessed son of the light from the lamp
recorded the words to exalt God's camp.

He who was healed for the Most High to set up
was set on the path for a plan that would not let up.

The LORD said 'I am going to break down what I built with my hand
to pluck up what I have planted, the whole land.

'I will give you as king your life as a prize in war.
You will be spared in any place that you attempt to score.' 

The foster father, the brother of grace, was killed with a sword
as the hero sought to act as an emblem for the hand of the Lord.

The Son said, 'It is not mine for you to sit at my side
The place has been prepared by my Father to be satisfied.

I take refuge in you in whom I believe.
Deliver me from all who pursue to retrieve me.

Vindicate me from the charges pressed.
I did not do that which was said. 

Rescue me from those who persecute
to destroy or reduce to servitude.

They seek to tear me to pieces like a lion
or to shoot me with an arrow from the bow of Orion.

O Lord my God, if I had done the things of which I have been accused
I would be guilty of having been the one who had abused.

If I had repaid my friend with evil
I would have called forth the penal primeval.

If I had plundered him who without cause was my enemy
then I would have been the cause of a desperate destiny.

Then you would have been right to let my opponent overtake me
to trample my life into the ground, to make me eat dust to forsake my enmity.

Rise up in your anger
against their rancor.

Let the assembly of the people gather round you
to hear the decree of justice resound as true.

Act as the judge of nations
from the height of your station.

Judge me for the right intent
to live in accord with your righteousness.

Let the malice of wickedness end
to establish the mind and heart of a friend.

God is my shield and defense.
He is the Savior of true intent.

He is a righteous judge
who sits in judgment without a grudge.

My Lord is the God
who has prepared a way for me to beat the odds. 

Weapons have been prepared for defense
to preserve life from attack in the lethal or violent sense.

Look at those who labored with evil intent
to craft their lies for wickedness.

They dug a pit to make it deep.
You let them fall in it to heave and weep

You had their malice turn back on their own head
that their memory of violence may deter their action instead.

I will praise the name of the Most High.
This witness will serve what's right.

The agent for good news went west to edify those drafted.
He was imprisoned and executed as though for rebellion he had acted.

Punishment as a goal is misdirected.
Incentive corrects with benign intent.

It redirects behavior until corrected. 
Punishment is a substitute for retribution.
if the offender can't pay restitution
the punishment is a kind of substitution.

Punishment only points toward redemption.
Cruelty reinforces penal inclination.

Beneficial intention is removed 
to leave the punished used,
bruised, unmoved and unproved. 

Correction is the name of the game.
What will it take to get the offender to seek dutiful fame?

The path to citizenship is lined with the incentive of mutual benefit.
Observe law without judgment that is punitive, prejudiced or preemptive.

--------------------------

7 Domine, Deus meus
Dominated, my God

1 O Lord my God, I take refuge in you;
save and deliver me from all who pursue me;
2 Lest like a lion they tear me in pieces
and snatch me away with none to deliver me.
3 O Lord my God, if I have done these things:
if there is any wickedness in my hands,
4 If I have repaid my friend with evil,
or plundered him who without cause is my enemy;
5 Then let my enemy pursue and overtake me,
trample my life into the ground,
and lay my honor in the dust.
6 Stand up, O Lord, in your wrath;
rise up against the fury of my enemies.
7 Awake, O my God, decree justice;
let the assembly of the peoples gather round you.
8 Be seated on your lofty throne, O Most High;
O Lord, judge the nations.
9 Give judgment for me according to my
righteousness, O Lord,
and according to my innocence, O Most High.
10 Let the malice of the wicked come to an end,
but establish the righteous;
for you test the mind and heart, O righteous God.
11 God is my shield and defense;
he is the savior of the true in heart.
12 God is a righteous judge;
God sits in judgment every day.
13 If they will not repent, God will whet his sword;
he will bend his bow and make it ready.
14 He has prepared his weapons of death;
he makes his arrows shafts of fire.
15 Look at those who are in labor with wickedness,
who conceive evil, and give birth to a lie.
16 They dig a pit and make it deep
and fall into the hole that they have made.
17 Their malice turns back upon their own head;
their violence falls on their own scalp.
18 I will bear witness that the Lord is righteous;
I will praise the Name of the Lord Most High.

------------------------
==================
------------------------

Jeremiah- Exalt Yah
Baruch- Blessed
Neriah- Lamp
Jehoiakim- Whom Yah has set up
Josiah- Healed
Judah- Praise

Jeremiah 45:1,4-5

The word that the prophet Jeremiah spoke to Baruch son of Neriah, when he wrote these words in a scroll at the dictation of Jeremiah in the fourth year of King Jehoiakim son of Josiah of Judah (605 BCE):

Thus you will say to him, 'Thus says the LORD: I am going to break down what I have built and pluck up what I have planted--that is the whole land...but I will give you your life as a prize of war in every place to which you may go.'

------------------------

The blessed son of the light from the lamp
recorded the words to exalt God's hand.
He who was healed for the Most High to set up
was set on the path for a plan that would not let up.
The LORD said 'I am going to break down what I built with my hand
to pluck up what I have planted, the whole land.
'I will give you as king your life as a prize in war.
You will be spared any place that you attempt to score.'

==================

Herod- hero
Agabus- locust
Claudius- crippled
James- supplanter (derived from Jacob)
John- Yo is gracious
year of the famine- 46 CE

Paulus Orosius (375-418) was a priest and historian from the northwestern province of Gallaecia in Spain in the 4th and 5th centuries. He was a student of Augustine of Hippo (354-430).

A copy of his historical comment on the famine was made by Alfred the Great (847-899) in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.

The Chronicle contains the following remarks:
      “A.D. 46 . In this year, Claudius, the second Roman emperor to invade Britain, put much of the island under his control and added the Orkneys to Rome’s kingdom. This took place in the fourth year of his rule. In this same year, a great famine in Syria took place which Luke mentions in his book, “The Acts of the Apostles.”

Acts 12:1-2

King Herod laid hands upon some who belonged to the church about the time that the famine predicted by Agabus took place during the reign of Claudius. He had James, the brother of John, killed with the sword.

------------------------

The foster father, the brother of grace, was killed with a sword
as the hero sought to act as an emblem of the hand of the Lord.

==================
Matt. 20:23

He said to them, 'You will indeed drink my cup, but to sit at my right hand and at my left, this is not mine to grant, but it is for those for whom it has been prepared by my Father.'

------------------------

The Son said, 'It is not mine for you to sit at my side
The place has been prepared by my Father to be satisfied.

==================

Wisdom

James the Apostle
b.  c. 3 CE Bethsaida, Galilee
d.  c. 44 Jerusalem, Judea, Roman Empire

The apostle James was honored with a favored position by Jesus Christ, as one of three men in his inner circle. The others were James' brother John and Simon Peter.

James was older than John. Their father's name was Zebedee. Their mother's name was Salome.
James, his brother John, Peter and Andrew were all partners in a fishing business prior to being called by Christ Jesus to follow Him.  Zebedee was, also, a partner in the business.

James and John were apparently from a higher social level than the average fisherman. Their father could afford hired servants (Mk. 1:20). John, the "beloved disciple", had connections with the high priest (Jhn. 18:15).

Jesus nicknamed the two brothers "sons of thunder" (Mk. 3:17). Two incidents reported in the
Gospels indicated that they were headstrong, hot-tempered and impulsive.

Jesus and the disciples were refused the hospitality of a Samaritan village on one occasion (Lk. 9:54ff). James and John proposed to call down fire from heaven on the offenders.

They asked Jesus for a special place of honor in the Kingdom on another occasion (Matt. 20:20-23 = Mk. 10:35-41). They were told that the place of honor is designated by the Father.

They, together with Peter, were privileged to behold the Transfiguration (Matt. 17:1 = Mk. 9:2 = Lk. 9:28), to witness the healing of Peter's mother-in-law (Mk. 1:29), to see the raising of the daughter of Jairus (Mk. 5:37 = Lk. 8:51) and to be called aside to pray with Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane on the night before His death (Matt. 26:37 = Mk. 14:33).

James is believed to have made a pilgrimage to the Iberian Peninsula. He visited the Jewish colonist and slaves in Spain within a 14 year period after the crucifixion to proclaim the gospel.

He was the first of the 12 apostles to be martyred. He was killed with the sword by the order of King Herod Agrippa I of Judea, about 44, in a general persecution of the early church. (Acts 12)

Two other men named James appear in the New Testament. James, the son of Alphaeus, was another apostle. James, the brother of the Lord, was a leader in the Jerusalem church and author of the book of James. Bar-Zebedee is often called the "Greater" to distinguish him from the other two.

The remains, or relics, of James the Greater were transported by his followers to the Iberian Peninsula. They are said to be buried in Santiago de Compostela. St James the Greater is reverenced as the patron saint of Spain.

James Zebedee
S. 吉艾姆斯齐贝迪
T. 吉艾姆斯齊貝迪

吉 Ji      lucky                 吉 kichi   good luck           Je     じぇ-  ジェ-        Je    제    my           
艾 ai     mow                   艾  kai     moxa                  mu    む       ム             im   임   being         
姆 mu  governess            姆  mo    wet nurse            zu     ず       ズ             seu  스 switch               
斯 si     this                      斯 shi      this                     Ze    ぜ       ゼ              Se   세  three           
齐 Qi    level                    齊 sei      alike                   be    べ       ベ               be   베  the         
贝 bei  money                  貝 bai      shellfish             de   でぃ-  ディ-          di    디   d             
迪  di    enlighten             迪 teki     edify                                                           

------------------------

The agent for good news went west to edify those drafted.
He was imprisoned and executed as though for rebellion he had acted.

==================

Lectionary the Apostle James
wiki James Son of Zebedee
Learn Religions Apostle James
History of the Apostle James
Bible History Famine in Acts 11
Famine
wiki First Jewish Roman War
Primitive Hebrew Church

History
Josephus, Antiquities 20:1.3-2.5

"Herod, the brother of Agrippa who had perished, was allowed to govern over Chalcis. He asked Claudius Caesar for control over the temple along with the sacred treasury, and the ability to choose the high priests, and he was given all that he had asked for.

      "Around this time lived queen Helena of Adiabene, along with her son Izates. They both began to follow the Jewish way, turning away from their past lifestyle . . . Her arrival was of great help to the masses in Jerusalem; for there was a famine in the land that overtook them, and many people died of starvation.

      "When it became necessary to obtain food abroad, queen Helena sent some of her attendants, with money, to the city of Alexandria to purchase as much grain as possible. She also sent others to the island of Cyprus to bring back dried figs. This whole process happened very quickly, and as soon as they had returned, they handed the provisions out to those who were in dire need of them. Because of this, she left behind a legacy and was held in great respect by the people and the nation at large. And when her son Izates became aware of this famine, he sent a large gift to the leaders in Jerusalem."

Josephus
Philo of Alexandria

Riots erupted in Alexandria in 40 CE between Jews and Greeks. Jews were accused of not honoring the emperor. Disputes occurred also in the city of Jamnia (Yavne). Yavne is in central Israel. Jews were angered by the erection of a clay altar and destroyed it.

Caligula ordered the erection of a statue of himself in the Jewish Temple of Jerusalem. The governor of Syria, Publius Petronius, feared civil war if the order were carried out. He delayed implementing it for nearly a year. Agrippa finally convinced Caligula to reverse the order.

Gaius Caligula was assassinated in Rome on January 24, 41. The Jewish Nazarenes received a great influx of new worshippers in Antioch at this time.

A message was sent  to Jerusalem for help. Barnabus went to study the situation to make a report for the apostles.  There was a sudden need for a teacher who understood the Greek and Roman mind to guide the new believers.  Barnabus went to Tarsus and recruited Paul to come and help in this emerging ministry.

Barnabus and Paul worked together for a year (41-42). The name Christiani appeared to describe the Gentile followers of Jesus. The word was a mixture of Latin and Greek.

Peter met and baptized Cornelius in Caesaria. Cornelius was known as ‘a centurion of the cohort known as Italica.' (Acts 2) These were pious and God fearing Gentiles.

The conflict between Paul and the Nazarenes as to whether a Gentile who became a God-believer that accepted Jesus as messiah, could also become a ‘Israelite’ without embracing the complete tenets of Judaism arose after the baptism of Cornelius. Could he be a true Nazarene if he wasn't circumcised?

A Sabbatical is a 7 year cycle. The second Sabbatical Passover and Pentecost since the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus took place in 41. Events were rapidly unfolding in the lives of the followers of Jesus.  Persecution, trials and acts of providence had beset not only the Jewish messianic followers of Jesus but the Jewish people as a whole.

The report of the Gaius Caligula statue had announced  stark realities to Jews and the Jewish Nazarenes. The signs of the times depicted events when Jesus would return for his followers for the apocalyptic philosophy.

The call went out that the “End of Time’ was at hand. The radical fringe moved into high gear. The empire became inflamed with subversive activities among the disaffected. Underground financing for weapons and supplies for rebellion went into effect.

This Passover was to be a pivotal period in the Nazarean faith. The Apostles were called to Jerusalem for this momentous occasion.

The Sabbatical Passover was always a major event with pilgrims from all over the world.  James the Just, the leader of the congregation in Jerusalem was constantly praying for the safe travel of all his friends and brethren.  He would officiate at the Supreme Council of the Elders and the Apostles as the Nasi or the high priest of the Nazarenes.

John was the Spokesman. He was the deputy to James (Jacob) the Just. Simon Peter was the Ab-Beth Din or the general supervisor of all the ministries. He was busy in the preparations.

Andrew, the brother to Peter, Judas of James, the brother and disciples of James and Jesus was his brother’s helper were also residents of Jerusalem.  Matthew Levi was the attorney for the Nazarene and the political liaison to the Sadducee party.

Simon Zealotes still had not left the city and remained a good contact with various factions of the Zealots. Matthias who was selected by lots to fill the apostleship of Judas the Sicarii was also there.

James the Greater, the brother to John, was returning from the diaspora after six to seven years in his ministry in the country of Spain. Joseph of Arimathea returned from Avalon on the Isles of Britannia with his stories of the rapid acceptance of the message of Jesus to the Druidic high priests and the household of Argaviras of the royal family of the tribe of Siluria in Wales.  Joseph was to set up residence with Philip the evangelist in the port city of Caesarea.

Bartholomew returned to Jerusalem from the Imperial city of Rome. He brought a British convert from Rome with him. Clements met the other apostles and especially Simon Peter.   He detailed meeting Philip the evangelist, Joseph and the Bethany family prior to 36 in his book, Recognitions of
Clements.

Clements would be anointed as the third bishop of the ecclesia in Rome by the Apostle Peter 2 decades later. The Pharisee Saul returned from a three year spiritual retreat in the Nabotaean region of the Arabian desert. He was renamed Paul to acknowledge that he was a former enemy of the Nazarenes. He was to become one their greatest evangelists.

Herod Agrippa, grandson of Herod the Great, was tetrarch over Galilee. He had newly been proclaimed King of Judea, Samaria and Caesarea in 41 by Tiberius Claudius Caesar. He was wary of Jewish aspirations to overthrow the Roman rule.

The Herodians were looked upon  by the Nazarenes as a usurper to the throne of David. Each was known as a ‘friend of Caesar’  Agrippa was  scrupulous in the observance of the Jewish faith. He was known for his piety. This helped him to gain the support of the Sadducees and many Pharisees.

James had gone to Sardinia, then Spain to preach. It had been recorded by Tacitus that as early as 19 CE that 4000 youth which were “affected by the Jewish and Egyptian superstitions” (Annals, Vol. ii, c., 85) were banished from their homeland and forced to enlist as Roman soldiers and placed in Sardinia.

Josephus recognized the “4000” in his Antiquities of the Jews. (Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, bk., xviii, c. 3) This enlistment of Jewish youth was not popular with the Jews.

James was a former disciple of John the Baptist. He felt called to go to Sardinia and Spain to preach the "Way” as a disciple of the crucified Christ. This was a source of concern to Herod Agrippa .
It was felt that the initial “4000” were probably remnants of the disciples of the slain Hasmonean aspirant, Judas the Galilean. He had led the first major revolt under direct Roman rule in 6 CE. (Acts 5:37).

James the brother of John was captured and executed. The rest of the apostles were suddenly in fear for their lives. Their preaching was being perceived as a political action against Caesar. James became the first apostle to die for the “Way.”

Agrippa’s grip over the Nazarene ecclesia was not over.

Peter was next.  He was apprehended and imprisoned. Four soldiers were ordered to guard him. They were changed every three hours. The night before his trial, white clothed ‘angels’ were sent to rescue Peter. The efficient Jewish underground was at work.

While the Nazarean leadership was non-militant, their message had many sympathizers with the Zealots and members of the Fourth Philosophy. Some were capable of a daring rescue operation.
Peter stayed in the home of Mary, mother of John surnamed Mark, until he escaped town.

The next record of Peter is in Rome. He was visiting the Roman Senator Pudens, father-in-law to the Apostle Paul in his palatial estate in Viminal Hills in 44.  A date of 43 for the imprisonment of Peter would be reasonable allowing for travel time and other events in his life.

The death of James the Greater sent a message to the Apostles.  The hands-off policy to the Nazarean leadership was gone.  The death of any Apostle could be expected.

An insurrection by the Jews broke out in the province of Judea in 46 during the reign of Claudius. The Jacob and Simon uprising was instigated by two brothers. It lasted between 46–48. The revolt was concentrated in the Galilee. It began as a sporadic insurgency. It was put down by Roman authorities in 48. Both brothers were executed.

Tuesday, June 18, 2019

Be

6.20.19

Madison Reed and Victoria Justice

Be
Happy
要开心 
Yào kāixīn
幸せになります 
Shiawase ni narimasu
ps.34
Es laetus

The story is as old
as the discovery of gold.

The parents of the gifted
were threatened by how their gift was shifted.

They didn't chain me to test the beast,
but on my soul they made a feast.

I had said I am not better than those who came before me.
I prayed to die. 'Take my life.' it is too dark to see.

Be angry, but do not sin.
Happiness is a feeling that you will win. 

I am the bread of life.
I will help you overcome strife.

I will be happy
with a dash of savvy.

You will never make the crab walk straight,
but you can hasten or delay the return to the sea as its fate.

Consider this
for your bliss.

Foreign rule
could be more cruel.

Private property is a responsibility.
Manage it well for security in facility.

Fear of love will flee from your heart.
Responsible behavior will be the end from the start.

Orientation will be the secret to which you bow.
It will trace enlightenment in how 
to wield your trowel.
Time will edify space in the wow of now.

The West favors wheat to rice.
The right amount is always nice. 

Happiness will be my praise.
Wisdom will guide me in my ways.

I will rejoice in the feel of reality
with the fruits of factuality.

Let those who listen hear 
how gladness grows when truth is near.

Honest speech for truth is science.
It determines beauty in cultural reliance.

Proclaim the greatness of existence with me.
Let us transcend the beast of inhumanity.

I asked for help when it was needed.
I bandaged cuts when my heart heeded
what others needed.


Escape from error
delivered me from terror.

Radiant as the light of day,
I didn't let shame cloud my way.

I called out in my affliction and I was heard.
Love delivered me from the burden of the absurd. 

The message of deliverance embraces
those who value life with happy faces.

Taste and see. Love is good.
Happy are those who rejoice as we should.

Respect the right to life.
Exercise with good health in your diet.

Use respect to set an example 
for those who do not sample angles.

Even young panthers suffer hunger.
Hunger drives them to thunder on the prey down under. 

The swirl of chance whirls through the forest.
The lucky hand conducts the chorus. 

Those who read reality to find design 
do not lack in the discovery of goodness for the mind. 

The Roman citizen of Celtic descent from outside of Londinium
led a small group into social ascent  through the superstitious idiom.

Come youth. Listen to me. 
The love of truth will set you free.

I will teach you to respect your rights.
You will win what would have been fights.

Who among you desires justified popularity
and would like the time to enjoy prosperity? 

Speak truth to power. 
Walk with justice by the hour.

Do not defend cruelty or violence.
Enjoy the benefits of serenity in silence.

Turn from evil. Do good. 
Seek peace. Pursue it as you should.

Design your goals for healthy relations. 
Release the excess in desire to increase your station.

Security protects those mainly  
who take risk to value safety.

Punishment is not for destruction.
It is not as good as instruction,
but it is for the correction of insurrection
to root out the weeds in our conception.

Needs cry out. Selection detects them.
Judgment plans. Action tends to amend the withered stem.

Sympathy attends to brokenness. Empathy amends
what led to the breaking of harmony with our friends.

What we do know is this.
We will come to feel each other should we kiss.

Troubles attend the selection of goodness in design,
but effective production provides deliverance divine
from turbulent turmoil in time. 

Love gives passage from death to life.
The administration transcends strife. 


Hot Air Balloon, Orlando, FL

The quiet increase in the strength of June
produces thrust for us to enjoy the balloon. 

Your reward will be great.
Your destiny will rise above your fate.

Security will protect your organization. 
Structure will preserve your conceptual elation. 

These are those who come from the great ordeal.
The blood of the land has revealed the deal. 

The least force necessary will correct a crisis.
Retribution will punish those who impose violence,
cruelty or oppression to silence self-reliance.

Those who do no harm will not be punished.
The tail of the scorpion will not admonish.

Those who do not require correction 
need not be corrected in the tension of seeking perfection.

------------------------

Psalm 34
Benedicam Dominum
Thank the Dominator

1 I will bless the Lord at all times;
his praise shall ever be in my mouth.
2 I will glory in the Lord;
let the humble hear and rejoice.
3 Proclaim with me the greatness of the Lord;
let us exalt his Name together.
4 I sought the Lord, and he answered me
and delivered me out of all my terror.
5 Look upon him and be radiant,
and let not your faces be ashamed.
6 I called in my affliction and the Lord heard me
and saved me from all my troubles.
7 The angel of the Lord encompasses those who fear him,
and he will deliver them.
8 Taste and see that the Lord is good;
happy are they who trust in him!
9 Fear the Lord, you that are his saints,
for those who fear him lack nothing.
10 The young lions lack and suffer hunger,
but those who seek the Lord lack nothing that is good.
11 Come, children, and listen to me;
I will teach you the fear of the Lord.
12 Who among you loves life
and desires long life to enjoy prosperity?
13 Keep your tongue from evil-speaking
and your lips from lying words.
14 Turn from evil and do good;
seek peace and pursue it.
15 The eyes of the Lord are upon the righteous,
and his ears are open to their cry.
16 The face of the Lord is against those who do evil,
to root out the remembrance of them from the earth.
17 The righteous cry, and the Lord hears them
and delivers them from all their troubles.
18 The Lord is near to the brokenhearted
and will save those whose spirits are crushed.
19 Many are the troubles of the righteous,
but the Lord will deliver him out of them all.
20 He will keep safe all his bones;
not one of them shall be broken.
21 Evil shall slay the wicked,
and those who hate the righteous will be punished.
22 The Lord ransoms the life of his servants,
and none will be punished who trust in him.

-------------------------

1 John 3:14

We know that we have passed from death to life because we love one another. Whoever does not love abides in death.

-------------------------

Love gives passage from death to life.
The administration transcends strife.

===================

Matt. 10:38

Whoever does not take up the cross and follow me is not worthy of me.

-------------------------

Design your goals for healthy relations.
Release the excess in desire to increase your station.

===================

Royal Priesthood


Alban
b. unknown Verulamium
d.  22 June 209 Holywell Hill St. Albans

Alban is venerated as the first-recorded British Christian martyr. He is one of three named martyrs recorded at an early date from Roman Britain. He is traditionally believed to have been beheaded in the Roman city of Verulamium.

He was executed sometime during the 3rd or 4th century. His cult has been celebrated there since ancient times.

Verulamium
Ruins Fortified Walls 

Verulamium was a town in the southeast of Roman Britain. There was already a tribal center in the area which belonged to the Catuvellauni before the Romans established their settlement.

The Catuvellauni were a Celtic tribe. The name has been reconstructed as Uerulāmion, which would have a meaning like "the tribe of the broad hand" (Uerulāmos) in Brittonic.

It was among the first places in Britain recorded by name. The settlement was established by Tasciovanus (aka Tenvantius). He issued coins from Camulodunum (Colchester) from 15-10 BCE.

When his father died, he and his older brother Androgeus were still minors. The kingship of Britain was given to their uncle Cassibelanus. Tenvantius was made Duke of Cornwall. He participated in his uncle's defense of Britain against Julius Caesar. Androgeus went to Rome with Caesar. When Cassibelanus died, Tenvantius succeeded him as king.

The Roman settlement was granted the rank of municipium around 50 CE. The citizens had what were known as "Latin Rights." It was a lesser citizenship status than a colonia possessed.

It grew to a significant town and as such received the attentions of Boudica of the Iceni in 61. Verulamium was sacked and burnt on her orders. A black ash layer has been recorded by archaeologists. The discovery confirms the Roman written record.

The settlement grew steadily. It covered an area of about 125 acres (0.51 km2) behind a deep ditch and wall by the early 3rd century.

Verulamium contained a forum, basilica and a theater. The theater had a stage rather than an amphitheatre.

Theater
Verulamium

The constructs were damaged during two fires. One was in 155. The other was around 250. One of the few extant Roman inscriptions in Britain is found on the remnants of the forum.

Roman Inscription

The inscription is a dedication to the Emperor Titus and to Caesar Domitian, sons of Vespasian.

Titus was high priest (Pontifex Maximus), in the 9th year of tribucian power. He had been acclaimed Imperator 15 times and consul 8 times. He was the censor and Father of the Fatherland.

Domitian was consul 7 times, Prince of Youth and member of priestly brotherhoods. The inscription has been dated to 71.

Verulamium is now know as St. Albans. It is a few miles northwest of London.

Alban

Alban was a Roman citizen who lived at Verulamium. There are scholars that date his death to around 209 during the persecution under the Emperor Septimius Severus.

The chief magistrate of the city had orders to arrest all Christian clergy. One of them was a priest named Amphibalus. He fled to Alban’s home in order to hide from the soldiers who wished to kill him.

-------------------------

1 John 3:14

We know that we have passed from death to life because we love one another. Whoever does not love abides in death.

-------------------------

Alban was impressed by the priest’s constant prayer and vigil. He questioned Amphibalus about his beliefs. He came to believe in Christ as a result of the priest's testimony and asked to be baptized.

Amphibalus was forced to move on. Alban changed clothes with him so that he could get away. The soldiers heard there was a priest hiding in Alban’s house, so they came to search it.  They arrested the man dressed in priest's clothes and brought him before the judge.

The magistrate was offering sacrifice to idols. He discovered how Alban and the priest had switched clothes after questioning him. The magistrate was furious that the fugitive had been allowed to escape.

------------------------

Matt. 10:38

Whoever does not take up the cross and follow me is not worthy of me.

-------------------------

The judge threatened him with death unless he revealed where Amphibalus had gone. Return to pagan beliefs was also required. Alban replied, “I am also a Christian, and I worship the true God.”

The magistrate threatened him with execution after he had him beaten and tortured. Alban rejoiced and glorified God. The soldiers were ordered to take him to the Holmhurst Hill to be beheaded.

The first executioner heard Alban's testimony and refused to behead him. He was arrested. Another executioner was found to behead both.  They were executed at the summit of the hill above the River Ver.

The priest Amphibalus was ultimately caught and put to death at a place called Redbourn, four miles from Verulamium.

The magistrate put an end to the persecution when people began to cry out against him.

St. Albans

St Albans Abbey and the associated Anglo-Saxon settlement were founded on a hill outside the Roman city. There was reason to believe that the site of the abbey may have been the location where Alban was executed or buried. More certainly, the abbey is near the site of a Roman cemetery. It was normal in Roman times for burial grounds to be located outside the city walls. 

 A well is at the bottom of Holywell Hill.

St Albans was created from the ancient parish following the dissolution of the monastery in 1539.
Queen Victoria issued a second royal charter in 1877 in response to a public petition. The charter granted city status to the borough and Cathedral status to the former Abbey Church.

St. Alban's Cathedral 

Prayer

Almighty God by whose grace and power your martyr Alban triumphed over suffering and was faithful even unto death: Grant to us who now remember him with thanksgiving to be so faithful in our witness to you in this world that we may receive with him the crown of life through Jesus Christ our Lord who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

Alban
S. 阿尔班
T. 阿爾班

阿  A         ah                   阿   a         flatter              A      あ     ア           Al    알  egg             
尔  er       you                  爾   ji         you                  ru    る       ル          ban 반  half             
班  ban    group               班   han     squad               ban  ばん  バン                           

-------------------------

The Roman citizen of celtic descent from just outside of Londinium
led a small group into social ascent  through the superstitious idiom.

===================

wiki Alban
Lectionary Alban
OCA Alban
wiki Verulamium

Sunday, February 24, 2019

Save

3.3.19

Rachel Weisz

Save
the
World
拯救世界 
Zhěngjiù shìjiè
世界を救う
Sekai o sukuu
ps99

The sun shines for all the earth.
The moon shows fractions for what it's worth.

Rain falls for growth
in plants and animals, both.

Life is for living.
Love is for giving.

We live to rejoice!
Make music with your voice!

Praise the essential presence
of life in the present
as the field of perception
that rules out deception.

Use what was right in the past
to make the goodness last
and plan improvement for the future
to guide the present with its nurture.

Mighty lovers of justice,
equity will not bust us!

Wonderful winners of fame,
responsibility builds your game!

Wise witness of accountability, 
care for others. Build your security.

Security is compensation
for unfair dispensation.

Reconciliation for the damage to liberty's bell
is more important than the crack can tell.

The competition for prosperity
has to be governed for posterity.

Let people agree.
This is easy to see.

No one is without flaw.
No one is above the law.

Murder for profit
is not on the docket.

Judgment is the purpose for reason.
Proof is the objective for judgment in season.

Reason rejects the fear of threat
as the justification for death
or destruction 
as time's only induction.

Invasion, genocide, murder and torture,
are agents of misfortune.

Violence, cruelty and vice 
are not elements of immortal device.

The existence of threat
is grounds for preparing defense.

Defense is limited to the least force
for the protection of our course.

Induction and deduction are ways
to learn logic as instruction in what to pray or say.

Making use of words implies having general ideas.
Animal consciousness is more like ours than the asclepias'.

Asclepias Tuberosa

Perception with controlled experimentation
is for the selection of facts in truth's detection.

The property of value is from solid substance drawn.
Background provides contrast like the sky above the horizon at dawn.

Freedom is seen in the observation of the sky.
Release from tedium helps your spirit fly.

Providence for labor requires land for construction 
and machines for production.

The division of labor is an object for observation.
The labor is divided for ease in conservation.

The inference of prevalence
is to measure occurrence in relevance.

The rejection of false reason
helps us act in due season.

The salvation of hope for improvement
is the rock for political movement.

This formula for success
has gradual growth in the newness 
of the que's access to due process
in economic noblesse.

Storytelling for the protection of theft
is express disrespect for what is left
in the national chest to invest.

Fake news 
is not something to choose
to believe as true.


Truth in darkness and light
is present with or without sight.
It is the test of reason for right.

Reform for the code of law
began with that which the view from the mountain saw.

Jesus was transfigured by prayer on the mountain. 
His appearance changed with the prophets’ counsel counted.

The sound from the scarlet feathers of the phoenix
rose with joy above the ashes to redeem keenness for cleanness. 

The rule of law protects rights, not wrongs.
It is the bong that belongs with the gong.
Forgiveness allows for development
of the elements of the celebrant.

Restitution fosters retribution
for correction, not the institution 
of elocution for destruction.

Revel in the revelation of love for others.
Shine forth with light for your sisters and brothers,
fathers and mothers; for your family wonders.

Respect rights for life with liberty and justice.
Save the world from reduction to the augustus 
of just us. It will help others to trust us.


Bert and Ernie

Save the world from a world full of hurt.
Then you'll laugh with Ernie and Bert.


99 Dominus regnavit

1 The Lord is King;
let the people tremble; *
he is enthroned upon the cherubim;
let the earth shake.
2 The Lord is great in Zion; *
he is high above all peoples.
3 Let them confess his Name, which is great and awesome; *
he is the Holy One.
4 "O mighty King, lover of justice,
you have established equity; *
you have executed justice and righteousness in Jacob."
5 Proclaim the greatness of the Lord our God
and fall down before his footstool; *
he is the Holy One.
6 Moses and Aaron among his priests,
and Samuel among those who call upon his Name, *
they called upon the Lord, and he answered them.
7 He spoke to them out of the pillar of cloud; *
they kept his testimonies and the decree that he gave them.
8 "O Lord our God, you answered them indeed; *
you were a God who forgave them,
yet punished them for their evil deeds."
9 Proclaim the greatness of the Lord our God
and worship him upon his holy hill; *
for the Lord our God is the Holy One.


Ex. 34:29
Moses came down from Mount Sinai with the two tablets of the covenant. He did not know that the skin of his face shone because he had been talking with God.

----------------------------------- 

Reform for the code of law
began with that which the view from the mountain saw.

======================

2 Corinth. 3:17
The Lord is the Spirit. Where the Spirit is, there is freedom.

----------------------------------- 

The property of value is from solid substance drawn.
Background provides contrast like the sky above the horizon at dawn.

Freedom is seen in the observation of the sky.
Release from tedium helps your spirit fly.

======================

Luke 9:29
While Jesus prayed on the mountain, the appearance of his face changed. His clothes became dazzling white.

----------------------------------- 

Jesus was transfigured by prayer on the mountain.
His appearance changed with the prophets’ counsel counted.

======================

George Berkeley
Principles of Human Knowledge
1710
“The reason that is here assigned why we have no grounds to think brutes have abstract general ideas is, that we observe in them no use of words or any other general signs; which is built on this supposition--that the making use of words implies the having general ideas. From which it follows that men who use language are able to ABSTRACT or GENERALIZE their ideas. “

-------------------------------

Making use of words implies having general ideas.
Animal consciousness is more like ours than the asclepias'.

======================

Adam Smith
The Wealth of Nations
1776
“In those great manufactures, on the contrary, which are destined to supply the great wants of the great body of the people, every different branch of the work employs so great a number of workmen, that it is impossible to collect them all into the same workhouse. We can seldom see more, at one time, than those employed in one single branch. Though in such manufactures, therefore, the work may really be divided into much greater number of parts, than in those of a more trifling nature, the division is not so near so obvious, and has accordingly been much less observed.”

------------------------------- 

Providence for labor requires land for construction
and machines for production.

The division of labor is an object for observation.
The labor is divided for ease in conservation.

======================

Tolle lege
Take up and Read
https://www.azquotes.com/picture-quotes/quote-tolle-lege-take-up-and-read-saint-augustine-34-51-45.jpg

When I first came to believe that I was a Christian, I was stationed at Ft. Bragg, NC. My priest was my godfather. He gave me a copy of the Book of Common Prayer and the Confessions of St.
Augustine.

Augustine had re-written psalms to express his faith. He had been trained in classical rhetoric. He wrote a catechism based on his dialog with his son. The question and answer format was designed to define terms for use in communications about faith.

He re-wrote many of the ideas of Greek and Roman writers as a monotheistic expression of his faith in the City of God.

It was the first example of the re-construction of classical consciousness in the Christian world. His basic premise had been stated by the apostle Paul. Faith allows power in God, but it does not make us infallible.

Augustine ran into claims to perfection in divinity with the Manichaeans, the Donatists and the Pelagians. While the Pelagians didn't lay explicit claim to perfection, they did imply that synergy enabled authority to use slaves to live the good life.

It looks like the second Roman empire in Europe did not have slavery. Aristotle's argument for slavery remained dormant  until the Spanish empire approached the conquest of the Roman world. Aristotle's argument for the institution was used to sanction the trade as a means to increase status for traders. Those patricians that used it did so to stay in front of non-patricians.

This contributed to Augustine's definition of human nature as corrupt. The basic implication was that we are saved by grace, not by our work. No one is without flaw. No one is above the law.
His work became the foundation for Roman Christendom with Latin.

Orthodox Christianity preserved instruction in the other Rome. Constantinople was even called the new Rome. Byzantium lasted until the 15th century. Their language was Greek.

The Russian empire was a product by design with custom in a different language. It was an extension of culture from the Egyptians to the modern age. The means for production was organized in relation to the ownership of land.

Ownership of land was chartered by the monarchy. Charters were contracted with respect for contributions to defense. Political organization was similar to that which was used in the west. Their policy on expenditure was more conservative.

Lex orandi built credendi for vivendi. The rule of prayer asked for a faith that could be lived.
Serfdom did not use chains and whips to induce labor. Serfs were an early form of residential labor. They lived on the land for which they cared. The land was owned by an owner.

Opposition to monarchy grew as the Spanish empire expanded. Republican ideas of government were bolstered by investment in reform in the classical model with a special emphasis on the republic in Rome. There were patricians in the Republic that had entertained slavery as a development of empire.

The Church in Rome had added celibacy as a requirement for priests and bishops. Any marriage of clergy was unofficial. It was viewed as a concession to the world by some and a corruption by others. Latin was the formal language for prayer and study.

The claim to papal supremacy had been used to reconstruct the Roman empire as a multi-lingual entity, but the Inquisition and extensive reliance on the "sword of Damocles" to deter rebellion contributed to the perception that the clergy and the monarchy were corrupt institutions.

The Church of England and the Lutheran Germans had agreed to the sacraments of Baptism and the Eucharist as biblically solid. They also agreed that monarchy and episcopacy were sanctified as forms for Leadership by the bible.

The principle for officially recognized religion was called Cuius regio, eius religio in Latin. It means Whose realm, his religion. The principle was intended to simplify the complexity of competitive claims to authority in the Roman empire.

The democracy of Calvin rejected monarchy and episcopacy to favor local councils as directed by the direct authority of Providence. Calvinism accepted Baptism and the Lord's Supper as ordained. They called them ordinances rather than sacraments. Some Calvinists entertained slavery. John Locke was a leading representative.

Opinions against slavery were written by the likes of Charles V (1500-58), John Locke (1632-1704) and Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), but they owned, traded and used slaves for their profit. They used a broker to keep the activity from the public record.

The trade was regarded as an imperial form in the Roman tradition. It just wasn't revived until the Spanish and the Dutch started to compete with the Ottomans. Parliament was not directed to legislate against the trade or the institution.

William Wilberforce led a lobby in British parliament for 18 years before legislation was enacted against the trade or the institution. Once the legislation was enacted however negotiations for treaties with foreign powers was promoted.

Adam Smith proposed a capitalist system of organization as the means to define the wealth of nations. The proposal acknowledged the organization of the means for production with respect for the ownership of land.

His system allowed for organizational development in the Republican form of government. The stress for efficiency and effectiveness in organization for production promoted independence from slavery. Management provided the means for producing wealth with labor.

The institution of slavery was made into a legal form by the US republic with the designation "slave state." Half the states were non-slave. They were in the north. A number of those had outlawed the institution after the American Revolution.

Florida made an issue out of secession from the union to join a federated government. The Ordinance of Secession declared the intent to join a confederation. There had been significant concern expressed against too much centralization of authority even with the federalist party not long after the revolution.

The country was moving toward centralization in national government. Southern states argued for a state's right to govern their people.  The confederation had a constitution. Residential labor was necessary for agriculture.

This was a major difference with the north. Both had agriculture, but the south was more agricultural due to the climate and the favorable conditions for plant growth and domestic livestock.

Slavery was the term for the form of residential labor in the republic. The difficulty was that there were those who used shackles in the trade. Whips were also used to coerce labor for profit from production. It was an abusive form. It reduced voluntary participation in political and social relations.

Cotton was the cash crop for a number of the southern states. Mississippi was one of the largest producers. They also had the largest population of black people.

While legislation against slavery was enacted during the Civil War, the national government has since started to use precipitation of profit from war as a means to perpetuate an increase in taxation. It could be argued that the Civil War was precipitated for the profit of government officials and their favored relations in munitions, surveillance and the media.

National overreach has since been shown in electronic surveillance and protectionism for insurance agencies. Fake news has been used to promote gun control. The categorization of cannabis sativa as a narcotic has been another form of Prohibition.

 The lack of coordination for immigration reform has been directed by media campaigns that don't admit that criminals are crossing the border illegally. Socialism has been used to press for increased taxation in general with a particular emphasis on populist factions. Increased taxation decreases the capacity for the sponsorship of small business.

National government regulation is detrimental to the growth of small business. Large industry cannot employ everyone. Even if they could, it wouldn't be good for the culture.

Meeting the demands of labor becomes an exercise in degeneration. Labor refuses to seek education. The attainment of educational standards loses significance. People who get education are punished for being too qualified.

Education provides the means to form judgments regarding contracts and services. When government limits representation to the concern for national and international industry, the self-employed and small business agents suffer as a result.

-----------------------------

Akane Haga  3.7.2002 Nagano, Nagano, Japan
羽賀朱音   
华卡啊卡奈
 Hello! Project
Morning Musume '19 I Surrender

华  Hua    flower              羽   Ha       feathers         Ha   は   ハ          Ha  하   ha 
卡  ka        card                 賀   ga       joy                 ga    が   ガ          ga   가   end                         
啊   Ah      ah                    朱   Ake   scarlet             A    あ   ア            A     아   ah                           
卡   ka       card                 音   ne      sound              ka   か   カ           ka    카   car     
奈   nai      endure                                                      ne   ね   ネ          ne   네   yeah     

------------------------------

The sound from the scarlet feathers of the phoenix
rose with joy above the ashes to redeem keenness for cleanness.

====================== 

Nagano

Nagano is located near the middle of Honshu, the main island for Japan. It was the site used for the 1998 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. The city also hosted the Special Olympic Winter Games for the world in 2005.

Kaizo Castle was built by Takeda Shingen in 1560. It was renamed Matsushiro by Sanada Yukimichi in the early 18th century (1711). The castle sits between the main stream and an old bed of the Chikuma River in the flatlands of the city.

The Chikuma is the upper part of the Shinano River. This is the longest and widest river in Japan. It starts in the Japanese Alps and flows northeast through the Nagano and Niigata Prefectures before it empties into the Sea of Japan.

Akane Haga

Haga Akane was born on March 7, 2002 in Nagano. She was raised in the Matsushiro district.

Haga auditioned for Morning Musume in 2012, but failed to pass. She took lessons in her hometown to improve her skills. No new members were added in 2013 when she auditioned again. She joined Hello Pro Kenshuusei to train for performance with Hello! Project.

Sayumi Michishige announced on September 30, 2014 that Haga was selected along with Ogata Haruna, Nonaka Miki and Makino Maria to become the 12th generation for Morning Musume.

She has held a fanclub event for each birthday since 2017. She will celebrate her 17th birthday with a fanclub event on March 22, 2019.

Sunday, July 29, 2018

Save


David Duchovny

Save
the World
世界を救う
Sekai o sukuu
ps99

The sun shines for all the earth.
The moon shows fractions for what it's worth.

Rain falls for growth
in plants and animals, both.

The swift current painted rapids on the spacious run
to the tranquil ocean beneath the most August sun.

Life is for living.
Love is for giving.

We are drawn from the symbol of substance that is the earth.
It is in the form of life that we find our birth.

Attraction is the force for convergence.
From the convergence of organic matter life was emergent.

We live to rejoice!
Make music with your voice!

Praise the essential presence
of life in the present
as the field of perception
that rules out deception.

What was right in the past
makes the goodness last.

A plan for improvement in the future
guides the present with its nurture.

Justice with correction and grace
transfigures love for the human race.

A voice came from the cloud that said,
You are my body. My Son is your head.

When he came from the mount in the clay desert government
his face shown like the sun with the tablets of the covenant.

It was not clear who was best in the west
but the greatest joy was the path through the royal forest.

We did not follow cleverly devised myths. 
We were witnesses to the power that was his.

Mighty lover of justice,
equity will not bust us.

Wonderful winner of games,
responsibility builds your fame.

Wise witness of accountability, 
care for others builds social security.

Security is compensation
for inequitable dispensation.

Reconciliation for the damage to liberty's bell
is more important than the crack can tell.

The competition for prosperity
has to be governed for posterity.

The husband was handsome with a peach on the beach.
He was quick to pitch the pit to the dunes beyond reach.

Let people agree.
This is easy to see.

No one is without flaw.
No one is above the law.

Murder for profit
is not on the docket.

Reason is the soul for the law of eternity in space and time.
Logic stops when the chain of evidence reaches the height of the climb.

Judgment is the purpose for reason.
Proof is the objective for judgment in season.

Reason rejects the fear of threat
as the justification for death
or destruction 
as time's only induction.

Invasion, genocide, murder and torture,
are agents of misfortune.

Violence, cruelty and vice 
are not elements of immortal device.

The existence of threat
is grounds for preparing defense.

Defense is limited to the least force
for the protection of our course.

Induction and deduction are ways
to learn logic as instruction in what to pray or say.

Perception with controlled experimentation
is for the selection of facts in truth's detection.

The inference of prevalence
is to measure occurrence in relevance.

The rejection of false reason
helps us act in due season.

Good health did not prevent the orderly nun
from using the needle to embroider a forest for fun.

The small bell echoed in the temple space
as fragrance from incense filled the place with grace.

The salvation of hope for improvement
is the rock for political movement.

This formula for success
has gradual growth in the newness 
of the que's access to due process
in economic noblesse.

Storytelling for the protection of theft
is express disrespect for what is left
in the national chest to invest.

Fake news 
is not something to choose.

Truth in darkness and light
is present with or without sight.
It is the test of reason for right.

The rule of law protects rights, not wrongs.
It is the bong that belongs with the gong.

Forgiveness allows for the development
of the elements of the celebrant.

Restitution fosters retribution
for correction, not the institution 
of electrocution as elocution.

Revel in the revelation of love for others.
Shine forth with light for your sisters and brothers,
fathers and mothers; for your family and friendly wonders.

Respect rights for life with liberty and justice.
Save the world from reduction to the augustus 
of just us. It will help others to trust us.

Save the world from a world of hurt.
Then you'll laugh with Ernie and Burt.


99 Dominus regnavit

1 The Lord is King;
let the people tremble; *
he is enthroned upon the cherubim;
let the earth shake.
2 The Lord is great in Zion; *
he is high above all peoples.
3 Let them confess his Name, which is great and awesome; *
he is the Holy One.
4 "O mighty King, lover of justice,
you have established equity; *
you have executed justice and righteousness in Jacob."
5 Proclaim the greatness of the Lord our God
and fall down before his footstool; *
he is the Holy One.
6 Moses and Aaron among his priests,
and Samuel among those who call upon his Name, *
they called upon the Lord, and he answered them.
7 He spoke to them out of the pillar of cloud; *
they kept his testimonies and the decree that he gave them.
8 "O Lord our God, you answered them indeed; *
you were a God who forgave them,
yet punished them for their evil deeds."
9 Proclaim the greatness of the Lord our God
and worship him upon his holy hill; *
for the Lord our God is the Holy One.

The Transfiguration

Exo.34:29
Moses came down from Mount Sinai. As he came down from the mountain with the two tablets of the covenant in his hand, Moses did not know that the skin of his face shone because he had been talking with God.

2 Peter 1:16
We did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. We had been eyewitnesses to his majesty.

Luke 9:35
A voice came from the cloud that said, 'This is my Son, my Chosen. Listen to him.'

8.6.18
Francis Hutcheson
(8 August 1694 – 8 August 1746)



Francis Hutcheson 8.6.1694, Saintfield, Ireland
弗朗西斯哈钦森

弗   Fu         not            fu-           fluo-                      Fu        ふ    フ          Peu  프   the
朗   lang      clear          rou          clear                      ra         ら    ラ          lan   란   what
西   xi          west          sei           Spain                     n          ん    ン          si     시   city
斯   si           this           kou         in this way             shi        し    シ          seu   스  switch
哈   Ha         yawn        ha-           ha                          su        す     ス          Heo  허   huh
钦   qin         royal        no kanji                                 Ha        は    ハ          chi    치   tooth
森   sen        forest        mori        forest                      tchi    っち  ッチ      seun  슨   the
                                                                                    so        そ     ソ
                                                                                     n         ん     ン

Frances Hutcheson was an Irish philosopher born in Ulster to a family of Scottish Presbyterians. He became known as one of the founding fathers of the Scottish Enlightenment. He is remembered for his book "A System of Moral Philosophy".

The Saintfield area was part of South Clannaboy owned by Sir Con McNeil Oge O'Neil. His lands were confiscated by the accusation of disloyalty in 1602. The land was granted to Sir James Hamilton in 1605 who 'planted' English and Scottish settlers in the area.

Hamilton sold the estate to Major General Nicholas Price of Hollymount, County Down in 1709.  He laid the foundations of the town and renamed it Saintfield in 1712. The village had a number of corn, flour and flax mills. The remains are visible today. Price retained a tradition of textile manufacture through Saintfield Yarns. He encouraged linen manufacturers and tradesmen to settle, established a barracks, repaired the parish church and established markets and fairs.

The Presbyterians were an unusual branch of Calvinists. John Knox did not reject the monarchy, though he questioned the Queen of Scotland for her policy. They are recognized as belonging to the Church of Scotland. The presbytery allowed the laity to be the leadership. They didn't require trained clergy to lead.

The Scots had parish schools that were not compulsory by the 18th century. It can't be called a public system of education, but the country had a well developed university system.

Francis Hutcheson took ideas from John Locke. He was an important influence on the works of several significant Enlightenment thinkers, including David Hume and Adam Smith.

Hutcheson anticipated capitalism and utilitarianism. He argued that we are led by our sense of virtue to compare the moral quality of actions in order to regulate our election among various proposals for action to select the greatest moral excellency. Virtue is in proportion to the number of people for whom the happiness is to extend. That action is best which procures the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. That is worst which occasions misery.

This argument was presented at a time when it was used to test for the impact that the slave trade would have on society. Liability for the trade would eventually overrule it. Liability for the liberal use of the death penalty helped to reduce the incidence of cruelty in punishment.

Torture was removed from the legal lexicon of punishment. Murder became the only crime for which the death penalty could be applied. The precipitation of war for profit by Parliament and Congress has evaded the consideration of liability. The size of the respective bodies makes the perpetuation of violent conflict a difficult thing to regulate. The refusal of the legislative body to legislate against its own precipitation is a large part of the problem.




Dustin Hoffman 8.6.37  Los Angeles, CA
达斯汀霍夫曼
FB

达  Da     reach                 tai       reach                   Da  だ  ダ          Deo   더    more 
斯  si        this                   shi      this                       su  す   ス         seu     스    switch
汀  ting    beach                tei       shore                    te  て   テ          tin     틴    tin
霍  Huo    quickly            kaku   quick                     -i   ぃ   ィ         Ho     호    arc
夫  fu        man                 fu        husband                n   ん  ン          peu    프    the
曼  man    handsome        man    beautiful               Ho  ほ  ホ         man   만    just
                                                                                  fu   ふ  フ
                                                                                  ma    ま  マ
                                                                                   n      ん  ン

Jewish movie makers from New York found the sunny, temperate weather in Los Angeles more suitable for year-round location shooting In the 1900's. Hollywood boomed into the cinematic heart of the United States. It has been the home and workplace of actors, directors and singers that range from small and independent to world-famous.The business location leads development in related television and music industries.

Clifford Clinton was a crusading reformer and Los Angeles cafeteria owner. His home was bombed in an attempt to halt his inquiries into corruption in City Hall and police department in 1937.

The City of Los Angeles purchased Mines Field to be its official municipal airfield. Major airline traffic continued operating from the airports in Burbank and Glendale.

The height of a statewide rabies epidemic happened this year. Los Angeles County established a Pound Department. This was in direct response to 1,700 rabies cases reported in the county during the year.

Dick and Mac McDonald open an octogonal-shaped food stand in Monrovia named the "Airdrome." They did this after struggling to succeed in film backlot jobs in Hollywood and running a movie theater in Glendora. They would move the structure 40 miles to San Bernardino three years later  and launch their first version of a "McDonald's" eatery.

Dustin Hoffman was born in Los Angeles on August 8th in 1937. He is the second son of Lillian (née Gold; 1909–1982) and Harry Hoffman (1908–1987). His father worked as a prop supervisor (set decorator) at Columbia Pictures before becoming a furniture salesman.

His elder brother, Ronald, is a lawyer and economist. Hoffman is from an Ashkenazi Jewish family of immigrants from Kiev, Russian Empire and Iași, Romania. The family's surname was spelled "Goikhman" in the Russian Empire. He does not speak Yiddish.

His upbringing was non-religious. He has said that he doesn't have any memory of celebrating the religion's holidays while growing up. He had "realized" he was Jewish at around age 10.

Hoffman is an American actor and director. His career has been in film, television and theater since 1960. He has been known for his versatile portrayals of antiheroes and vulnerable characters. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1980 for Kramer vs. Kramer and in 1989 for Rain Man.




Charlize Theron 8.7.75, Benoni, South Africa
查理兹塞隆
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查   Cha       see               no kanji                         Shi  し   シ             Ti      샤   ti 
理   li           reason          ri                 logic           -ya  ゃ- ャ-            leul   를   the
兹   zi          time              no kanji                          ri-  り-  リ-            li       리    lee
塞   Sai        stop              sai               close           zu   ず   ズ            j eu    즈   the
隆   long      intense         ryu              noble           Se   せ   セ            Te      테    rim
                                                                                ro     ろ   ロ           lon     론    theory
                                                                                n       ん   ン

Benoni = Son of my Sorrow

Gold was discovered in the area in September 1887. The Chimes Mine was established by Cornishmen. The village became known as “Little Cornwall” for a time.

Sir George Farrar, the chairman of a mining company, undertook the planning of the rapidly growing mining town in 1904. A river was dammed to create a series of reservoirs for mine use. The reservoirs remain and are populated with fish. Recreational activities, including boating and picnicking, are enjoyed by many people.

Thousands of trees were also planted in the new mining district. It was declared the township of Benoni in 1906. Most residents were British miners followed by a strong Jewish population who had suffered anti-Semitism in eastern Europe and lost all their possessions.

The first synagogue and the Benoni Race Track were opened in 1907. This horse-racing track was large when compared to the small mining town in which it was situated. The first race was run on Saturday 7 December 1907. It was won by Fusy. The horse was owned by John (Jack) William Travis, a Jewish farrier on the gold mines who had come from England. He imported the first race horses from England.

The Rand Revolt broke out throughout the mines on the Witwatersrand in 1922. Thousands of white miners went on strike. The strike was partly led by the South African Communist Party. It was not well received by the South African Government so soon after the Russian Communist Revolution of 1917.

The strike quickly degenerated into open revolt. Armed miners fought the South African police and army in the streets. The revolt lasted for about a year. The miners were bombed by the newly formed South African Air Force (SAAF) during this time.

Some of the SAAF aeroplanes were shot down by groundfire from the miners. Benoni was used as one of the headquarters for the miners during the revolt.  Much fighting took place in and around the area. The Benoni Museum details this episode in the town’s history.

The South African Airforce trained pilots in Benoni during World War II.

Great Britain and France played the first of a series of three exhibition matches in the town in 1957 to introduce the sport of rugby to South Africa.

Designated townships for black people were established during the apartheid era. Daveyton and Wattville were set up near the town. The township of Actonville was established for the habitation of Indians. Benoni proper was reserved for “whites only”. The various suburbs remain. The town today is relatively well integrated. Members of all race-groups may live where they please.

Benoni has been honoured with three British royal visits. It has also had several visits from Princess Charlene Wittstock of Monaco. She had grown up in Benoni. It is still an English speaking city.

Gold mining decreased in importance over time. Today the city is focused more on industry and services. It is used as a service hub for other East Rand towns such as Brakpan, Nigel and Springs. Benoni is also the site of the Benoni Heliport for the use of helicopters.

The town is currently represented in the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality by the African National Congress (ANC) in the majority. The liberal-democratic Democratic Alliance is the official local opposition.

Charlize Theron was born in Benoni. She was the only child of Gerda (née Maritz) and Charles Theron. Second Boer War figure Danie Theron was her great-great-uncle. She is from an Afrikaner family. Her ancestry includes Dutch as well as French and German. Her French forebears were early Huguenot settlers in South Africa

She is a South African and American actress and film producer. She is the recipient of several accolades including an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award and the Silver Bear for Best Actress.

She became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 2007 while retaining her South African citizenship.

Theron has two children. She adopted a boy in March 2012 and a girl in July 2015. She lives in Los Angeles.



David Duchovny 8.7.60 New York, NY
大卫杜楚尼
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大  Da       big                 O             large                     De   で    デ              De  데    place
卫  wei    health              wei          support                 bi   び    ビ                i       이    this
杜  Du      prevent          mori         forest                   ddo  っど  ッド         bis   빗   comb
楚  chu     orderly           suwae      chu                       De   で    デ               Dyu 듀   dew
尼  ni         nun               ama          nun                      -yu    ゅ-  ュ-             ko    코   nose
                                                                                     ko     こ    コ             beu  브   the
                                                                                     fu     ふ    フ              ni     니   needle
                                                                                     ni-    に-  ニ-

A gradual economic and social decay hit New York City during the 60's. Both of the longtime resident National League baseball teams moved to booming California. The Dodgers and the Giants left after the 1957 season. The void was partially filled with the formation of the Mets in 1962. They played their first two seasons at the Polo Grounds, the former home of the Giants. They moved moved to Shea Stadium in Queens in 1964.

I saw the Mets play the Dodgers at Shea Stadium in 1967. They won. Our family had just moved from Massapequa to Westhampton. The Mets had been the laughingstock for baseball. They wouldn't become the Amazing Mets until 1969 when they upset the Baltimore Orioles in the World Series.

David Duchovny is an American actor, writer, producer, director, novelist and singer-songwriter. He is known for playing FBI agent Fox Mulder on the television series The X-Files and writer Hank Moody on the television series Californication. He won Golden Globe awards for both.

He is the son of Margaret "Meg" (née Miller), a school administrator and teacher, and Amram "Ami" Duchovny (1927–2003), a writer and publicist who worked for the American Jewish Committee.

Duchovny's mother is a British Lutheran emigrant from Aberdeen, Scotland. His paternal grandfather was a Jewish emigrant from Berdychiv, Russian Empire (now in Ukraine). His paternal grandmother was a Jewish emigrant from Russian Poland (now Poland).

He graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Princeton University in 1982 with an A.B. in English literature. He earned a Master of Arts in English Literature from Yale University and subsequently began work on a Ph.D. that remains unfinished.




Hirose Ayaka, 8.4.99 Kanagawa, Japan
広瀬彩海
Kobushi Factory
Hirose Ayaka & Nomura Minami

広  guang  broad                   ko   spacious          Hi    ひ       ヒ                Hi  히   Hi
瀬  lai         swift current       rai  rapids               ro    ろ        ロ               lo  로   in
彩  cai        color                   sai  paint                 se    せ       セ                se  세  three
海  hai       ocean                   kai  ocean               Aya  あや  アヤ            A   아  ah
                                                                             ka    か        カ               ya  야  hey
                                                                                                                    ka  카  car

Minato Mirai, the central business district, saw the opening of the Yokohama Landmark Tower in 1993. It is the second tallest building in Japan.

The 2002 FIFA World Cup final was held in June at the International Stadium Yokohama.

Hirose Ayaka is a Japanese idol under Hello! Project as a member and the leader of Kobushi Factory.

She was born in Kanagawa on August 4, 1999.



Suzuki Kanon 8.5.98  Aichi, Japan
鈴木香音
UpFront
Suzuki Kanon & Fukuda Kanon

鈴  ling       bell                 Suzu  small bell            Su  す   ス            Seu 스  switch
木  mu        tree                 ki        tree                     zu  ず    ズ           j eu 즈  the
香  xiang    fragrant          Ka       incense               ki   き    キ           k i   키   key
音  yin        sound             non     sound                  Ka   か    カ          Ka   카   car
                                                                                no    の    ノ          non 논  rice field
                                                                                n      ん    ン

Mitsubishi Aircraft Company was established in 1920 in Nagoya and became one of the largest aircraft manufacturers in Japan. The availability of space and the central location of the region and the well-established connectivity were some of the major factors that lead to the establishment of the aviation industry there.

Nagoya lies north of Ise Bay on the Nōbi Plain. The city was built on low-level plateaus to ward off floodwaters. The plain is one of the nation's most fertile areas. The Kiso River flows to the west along the city border. The Shōnai River comes from the northeast and turns south towards the bay at Nishi Ward.

Suzuki Kanon was a Japanese pop singer under Hello! Project. She was a ninth generation member of the Japanese pop group Morning Musume.

She graduated from Morning Musume '16 and Hello! Project and also retired from the entertainment industry on May 31, 2016 in order to pursue a career in welfare.