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ps52
Reperio bonum
What is the error when pride becomes a sin?
It is the will to destroy as though destruction had yet to begin.
There is a place that is against God in mind
that plans to ruin the bonds of belief that believers find.
The tongue is sharpened like a razor
to work deception for brutal behavior.
Evil is esteemed more powerful than good.
Lying is tried for denying truth as understood.
Speech that hurts is thrown
when words are not owned as known.
The media is the message
when it isn't too aggressive.
What is the divine will
for the correction of the ill?
Conscience looks to earned reward
until the sense of honor is ordered.
Pride drove this one from the refuge of faith.
Deceit was that which refused to stay straight.
I was shown a basket of summer fruit.
Fruition was known as a metaphorical suit.
Jesus praised Mary for the gift of her attention.
Martha was urged to consider her connection to this affection.
The image of the invisible deity
is the firstborn form for faith in verity.
Christ is the precedent for our place in everything.
The fullness of God is held like an anchor ring.
I am like an olive tree in the house of the Word.
Divine mercy will help me to overcome the adversity of the absurd.
I will give thanks for the grace of blissful providence
to declare goodness in the presence of moral intelligence.
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52 Quid gloriaris?
What is pride?
1 You tyrant, why do you boast of wickedness
against the godly all day long?
2 You plot ruin;
your tongue is like a sharpened razor,
O worker of deception.
3 You love evil more than good
and lying more than speaking the truth.
4 You love all words that hurt,
O you deceitful tongue.
5 Oh, that God would demolish you utterly,
topple you, and snatch you from your dwelling,
and root you out of the land of the living!
6 The righteous shall see and tremble,
and they shall laugh at him, saying,
7 "This is the one who did not take God for a refuge,
but trusted in great wealth
and relied upon wickedness."
8 But I am like a green olive tree in the house of God;
I trust in the mercy of God for ever and ever.
9 I will give you thanks for what you have done
and declare the goodness of your Name in the presence
of the godly.
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====================
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Amos 8:1-2
The Lord God showed me a basket of summer fruit. He said,
'Amos, what do you see?' I said, 'A baske of fruit.'
The LORD said to me,
'Fruition has come upon my people Israel.
I will never again pass them by.'
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I was shown a basket of summer fruit.
Fruition was known as a metaphorical suit.
====================
Colossians 1:15-19
He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation. All things in heaven and on earth were created in him. Things visible and invisible, whether thrones, dominions, rulers or powers have been created through him and for him. He himself is before all things. All things hold together in him and for him. He himself is before all things and in him all things hold together. He is the head of the body the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, so he might come to have first place in everything. All the fullness of God was pleased to dwell in him.
---------------------------
The image of the invisible deity
is the firstborn form for faith in society.
Christ is the precedent for our place in everything.
The fullness of God is held like an anchor ring.
====================
Luke 10:38-42
He entered a certain village on their way where a woman named Martha welcomed him into her home. She had a sister named Mary who sat at the Lord's feet and listened to what he said. Martha was distracted by her many tasks. She came to him and said, 'Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me to do all the work by myself? Tell her then to help me.'
The Lord answered her, 'Martha, Martha, you are worried and distracted by many things. There is need for one thing. Mary, has chosen the better part which will not be taken away from her.'
---------------------------
Jesus praised Mary for the gift of her attention.
Martha was urged to consider her connection to this affection.
====================
Marshall McLuhan
b. 7.21.1911 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
d. 12.31.1980 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Marshall McLuhan was a Canadian philosopher. His work is one of the cornerstones in the study of media theory.
He coined the expression “the medium is the message.” The term “global village” was his. He predicted the World Wide Web almost 30 years before it was invented.
He was a fixture in media discourse in the late 1960’s. His influence began to wane in the early 1970’s.
He continued to be a controversial figure in academic circles in the years after his death.
He was born in western part of Canada in the early 20th century.
Edmonton
Edmonton is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta. The city is on the North Saskatchewan River. It is Alberta's second-largest city and Canada's fifth-largest municipality. It is the northernmost city in North America with a metropolitan population of over one million.
The city is among the Canadian cities with the coldest winters. Winter is milder there though than Regina, Saskatoon and Winnipeg. All of these cities are south of Edmonton. Its average daily temperatures range from a low of −10.4 °C (13.3 °F) in January to a summer peak of 17.7 °C (63.9 °F) in July.
The city hosts a year-round slate of festivals. It has the nickname "Canada's Festival City". It is home to North America's largest mall, West Edmonton Mall. It was the world's largest mall from 1981 until 2004. Fort Edmonton Park is Canada's largest living history museum.
Tracks for the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) were laid in southern Alberta in 1885. The railroad helped the local economy. The 1891 building of the Calgary and Edmonton (C&E) Railway resulted in the emergence of a railway townsite on the river's south side. This location was called South Edmonton or Strathcona.
Settlers and entrepreneurs from eastern Canada, Europe, U.S. and other parts of the world found it easier to move to the area with the railroad. The area's fertile soil and cheap land attracted settlers.
Some of the people who participated in the Klondike Gold Rush passed through South Edmonton/Strathcona in 1897. Strathcona was North America's northernmost railway point.
Travel to the Klondike was still very difficult for the "Klondikers." A majority of them took a steamship north to the Yukon from Vancouver, British Columbia.
The population of the city grew to 8,350 in 1904 from 700 when it was incorporated as a town in 1892. Edmonton became the capital of Alberta when the province was formed a year later, on September 1, 1905. The Candaian Northern Railway arrived in the following year.
The rapid growth led to speculation in real estate in the early 1900's.
Marshall McLuhan
McLuhan was born on July 21, 1911 in Edmonton, Alberta to Elsie Naomi (née Hall) and Herbert Ernest McLuhan. Both parents were born in Canada.
His mother was a Baptist school teacher who later became an actress. His father was a Methodist and had a real estate business in Edmonton.
His business failed when World War I broke out. He enlisted in the Canadian army. He contracted influenza after a year of service and remained in Canada away from the front lines.
The McLuhan family moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba after his discharge from the army in 1915. Marshall grew up and went to school there. He attended Kelvin Technical School before enrolling in the University of Manitoba in 1928.
McLuhan explored his conflicted relationship with religion and turned to literature to "gratify his soul's hunger for truth and beauty" at Manitoba. He later referred to the stage as agnosticism. He was awarded a BA in 1933 and an MA degree in English in 1934.
He was accepted at the University of Cambridge after he failed to obtain Rhodes Scholarship at Oxford. Cambridge required him to enroll as an undergraduate "affiliated" student with one year's credit towards a three-year bachelor's degree before entering any doctoral studies.
He entered Trinity Hall, Cambridge in the autumn of 1934 where he studied under I. A. Richards and F. R. Leavis and was influenced by New Criticism.
New Criticism was a formalist movement in literary theory that dominated American literary criticism in the middle decades of the 20th century. It emphasized close reading, particularly of poetry, to discover how a work of literature functioned as a self-contained, self-referential aesthetic object.
The work of Cambridge scholar I. A. Richards on Practical Criticism and The Meaning of Meaning offered what was claimed to be an empirical scientific approach that was important to the development of New Critical methodology.
McLuhan credited the faculty there with influencing the direction of his later work because of their emphasis on the training of perception and such concepts as Richards' notion of feedforward.
Feedforward is the concept of anticipating the effect of one's words by acting as a critic of the content. It acts as a pretest that any writer can use to anticipate the impact of their words on their audience. It works to clarify unclear concepts in a way that precedes feedback.
These studies formed an important precursor to McLuhan's later ideas on technological forms. He received the required bachelor's degree from Cambridge in 1936 to their graduate program.
He took the first steps toward his eventual conversion to Roman Catholicism in 1937 while studying the trivium at Cambridge. His study was founded on his reading of G. K. Chesterton.
He wrote to his mother in 1935: "[H]ad I not encountered Chesterton, I would have remained agnostic for many years at least." McLuhan completed what was a slow but total conversion process at the end of March 1937. He was formally received into the Roman Catholic Church.
His father accepted the decision to convert after consulting a minister. His mother, however, felt that his conversion would hurt his career. She was inconsolable. McLuhan was devout throughout his life, but his religion remained a private matter.
He returned from England to take a job as a teaching assistant at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He held the position for the 1936–37 academic year. He had been unable to find a suitable job in Canada.
He taught in Roman Catholic institutions of higher education for the rest of his career. He taught English at Saint Louis University from 1935 to 1944.
There was an interruption from 1939–40 when he returned to Cambridge. There he taught courses on Shakespeare. He tutored and befriended Walter J. Ong.
Ong went on to write his PhD dissertation on a topic that McLuhan had called to his attention. He also became a well-known authority on communication and technology.
McLuhan met Corinne Lewis in St. Louis. She was a teacher and aspiring actress from Fort Worth, Texas. They were married on August 4, 1939. They spent 1939–40 in Cambridge where he completed his master's degree. It was awarded in January 1940.
He began to work on his doctoral dissertation on Thomas Nashe and the verbal arts. Nashe was an Elizabethan playwright, poet, satirist and a significant pamphleteer in the 16th century. His pamphlets including Pierce Penniless and numerous defenses of the Church of England.
McLuhan used the Latin trivium to explain the development of expression in Latin. The trivium was grammar, dialectic and rhetoric. It was a set of methods dating from the Greek Classical period that was used to form a curriculum for instruction.
The Late Middle Ages were characterized by the heavy emphasis on the formal study of logic for instance. The key change that led to the Renaissance was not the rediscovery of ancient texts but a shift in emphasis from the formal study of logic to rhetoric and grammar.
It's a system to produce meaning that's consistently readable. The trivium is a machine for writing and for reading the writing that's been written under its aegis. The influence of this machine was examined in the work of Thomas Nashe.
War had broken out in Europe while the McLuhans were in England. He obtained permission to complete and submit his dissertation from the United States without having to return to Cambridge for an oral defense.
The McLuhans returned to Saint Louis University in 1940. He continued teaching and they started a family. He was awarded a Ph.D. in December 1943.
He next taught at Assumption College in Windsor, Ontario from 1944 to 1946. They then moved to Toronto in 1946 where he joined the faculty of St. Michael's College, a Catholic college of the University of Toronto.
Hugh Kenner was one of his students. Canadian economist and communications scholar Harold Innis was a university colleague who had a strong influence on his work. McLuhan wrote in 1964: "I am pleased to think of my own book The Gutenberg Galaxy as a footnote to the observations of Innis on the subject of the psychic and social consequences, first of writing then of printing."
McLuhan began the Communication and Culture seminars at the University of Toronto in the early 1950's. These were funded by the Ford Foundation.
He published his first major work during this period: The Mechanical Bride (1951). The work was an examination of the effect of advertising on society and culture.
The Mechanical Bride was unique in that it was composed of a number of short essays. They can be read in any order. He styled it as the "mosaic approach" to writing a book. Each essay begins with a newspaper or magazine article or an advertisement, followed by McLuhan's analysis. The analyses bear on aesthetic considerations as well as on the implications behind the imagery and text.
McLuhan's The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man was written in 1961. It was first published in Canada by University of Toronto Press in 1962. It was a pioneering study in the fields of oral culture, print culture, cultural studies and media ecology.
He took pains throughout the book to reveal how communication technology such as alphabetic writing, the printing press and electronic media affects cognitive organization. This in turn had profound ramifications for social organization.
New ratios occur among our senses occur in a culture when new technology extends one or more of our senses outside into the social world. The result is comparable to what happens when a new note is added to a melody.
When the sense ratios are altered in a culture what had appeared lucid may become opaque. What had been vague or opaque becomes translucent.
The invention of movable type greatly accelerated, intensified and ultimately enabled cultural and cognitive changes that had already been taking place since the invention and implementation of the alphabet as phonemic orthography. The phonetic alphabet was distinguished from logographic or logogramic writing systems such as Egyptian hieroglyphs or ideograms.
Print culture was ushered in by the advance in printing during the middle of the 15th century when the Gutenberg press was invented. It brought about the cultural predominance of the visual over the aural or oral.
Print technology changed our perceptual habits in the "visual homogenizing of experience." The visual homogenization in turn affected social interactions in a way that fostered "a mentality that gradually resists all but a... specialist outlook".
This advance of print technology contributed to and made possible most of the salient trends in the Modern period in the Western world: individualism, democracy, Protestantism, capitalism and nationalism. These trends all reverberated with print technology's principle of "segmentation of actions and functions and principle of visual quantification."
McLuhan wrote in the early 1960's that the visual, individualistic print culture would soon be brought to an end by what he called "electronic interdependence". Electronic media would replace visual with aural/oral culture.
Humankind will move from individualism and fragmentation to a collective identity with a "tribal base" in this new age. McLuhan's coinage for this new social organization was the global village. Terror is the normal state for any oral society because in it everything affects everything all the time.
The effort to recover a unity of sensibility, thought and feeling for the western world did not prepare us to endure the tribal consequences of such unity any more than print culture prepared us for the fragmentation of the psyche. Technology has no per se moral content. It is a tool that shapes the individual perception of society's self-conception in realization.
Print is the technology of individualism. The modification of the lettered technology into something electronically visual shifts individual perception into aural/oral and social forms. The technology is not a moral problem. The identification of it as such would only complicate the issue. it is what it is and it does what it does.
McLuhan predicted the advent of the World Wide Web in 1962. He thought that the computer would be used for research as an instrument for communication that would enhance retrieval of stored information, mass library organization and the encyclopedic function for individuals. The terminal would be a private line to speedily tailored data of a saleable kind.
The book Understanding Media is the source of the well-known phrase "The medium is the message". The author proposes that the media, not the content that they carry, should be the focus of study. He suggests that the medium affects the society in which it plays a role mainly by the characteristics of the medium.
McLuhan uses historical quotes and anecdotes to probe the ways in which new forms of media change the perceptions of societies, with specific focus on the effects of each medium as opposed to the content that is transmitted by each.
There are differences between hot and cool media and the ways that one medium translates the content of another. This terminology does not refer to the temperature or emotional intensity, but to the degree of participation by the user.
Cool media are those that require high participation from users due to low definition. The participant must fill in missing information. The use of many senses fosters involvement. Television is a cool medium. Other things may happen. The viewer has to integrate all of the sounds and sights in the context.
Hot media are low in audience participation due to their high resolution or definition. Film is defined as a hot for example. The viewer is completely captivated in the context of a dark movie theater. The visual sense is primary. It is filled with high definition.
A medium is "any extension of ourselves", or more broadly, "any new technology." McLuhan includes the light bulb in addition to such forms as newspapers, television and radio.
A light bulb does not have content in the way that a newspaper has articles or a television has programs, yet it is a medium that has a social effect. It enables people to create a space during nighttime that would otherwise be enveloped by darkness.
He described the light bulb as a medium without content. A "light bulb creates an environment by its mere presence." Cars, speech and language fall into his definition of "media." They mediate our communication as technology. Their forms or structures affect how we perceive and understand the world around us.
McLuhan used James Joyce's Finnegans Wake as an inspiration for the study of War and Peace in the Global Village (1968). The study looked at the primitive consciousness in the global village. The Wake was written in the stream of consciousness form. It represented a breach in grammar as ordered expression.
The Wake was a cryptogram which revealed a cyclic pattern for the whole history of man through the Ten Thunders. The thunders extend from the Paleolithic period to television in the modern era.
Television was defined as a return to tribal involvement in the making of mood mud. The Industrial Revolution was characterized as an extreme development of the print process for individualism.
McLuhan was named to the Albert Schweitzer Chair in Humanities at Fordham University in the Bronx for one year (1967–68). He was diagnosed with a benign brain tumor while at Fordham. It was treated successfully. He returned to Toronto afterwards where he taught at the University of Toronto for the rest of his life.
Marshall and Corinne McLuhan had six children. Their names were Eric, twins Mary and Teresa, Stephanie, Elizabeth and Michael. The associated costs of a large family eventually drove him to advertising work. He accepted frequent consulting and speaking engagements for large corporations. IBM and AT&T were among them.
Woody Allen's Oscar-winning motion picture Annie Hall (1977) featured McLuhan in a cameo as himself. He played a pompous academic arguing with Allen in a cinema queue. Allen was silenced by McLuhan suddenly saying, "You know nothing of my work." This was one of McLuhan's most frequent statements to and about those who disagreed with him.
He suffered a stroke which affected his ability to speak in September 1979. The University of Toronto's School of Graduate Studies tried to close his research center shortly thereafter. Closure was deterred by substantial protests, most notably by Woody Allen. He never fully recovered from the stroke. He died in his sleep on December 31, 1980.
McLuhan was detailed in his exposition of classical consciousness with the trivium. It was implicit in all his work. The language machine was a medium for cognition, but the evaluation of content for goodness was discouraged. This presents a problem with respect for the prediction of primitive collectivism in the global village.
Borders and boundaries are obscured for the sake of a media without a message other than itself. The deception of perception is exploited at the expense of perspective. We are expected to look at war itself as a medium that is devoid of our moral content in judgment.
The mindset harbors the reincarnation of Roman republic in the expansion into imperial forms of order that entertain disorder for perpetuation.
The government is a medium also. The machine perpetuates itself for its self-perpetuation as the answer to power for the liberal officials that seek to profit from their authority in the organization of support from industry.
McLuhan modified Aristotle and put him in a modern form to disguise the reincarnation of his detachment for the context of apathy towards immoral extension in expansion.
Marshall McLuhan
S. 马歇尔麦克卢汉
T. 馬歇爾麥克盧漢
马 Ma horse 馬 ba horse Ma ま- マ- Ma 마 hemp
歇 xie rest 歇 ketsu exhausted sha しゃ シャ syal 샬 chalm
尔 er you 爾 ji you ru る ル maeg 맥 vein
麦 Mai grain 麥 baku wheat Ma ま マ lu 루 sack
克 ke to restrain 克 koku overcome ku く ク han 한 one
卢 lu black 盧 ro hut ru る- ル-
汉 han language 漢 kan China han はん ハン
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The media is the message
when it isn't too aggressive.
====================
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McLuhan Predicted the Internet
Trivium Machine
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