Thirst for
Rightness
正義のための渇き
Seigi no tame no kawaki
ps42
My heart longs for the sensation of serenity
as a deer thirsts for flowing streams with plenty
of cool, clean water for the modus vivendi.
My soul is cast down.
I remember the celebration of the crown.
The majesty of mountain looked around
at the vibrant green lushness of trees and ground.
The raging peace of river
was fed by the clear streams from the source as giver.
The water flowed down from beneath the peak
that held up the soles of my dirty sneakered feet.
The water ran ajar with the contour of the land
as far as the eye could see. It was grand.
God was praised
by the sun's rays.
Divinity was seen
as serene
within me as the means
to see from sea to shining sea.
Worship was found outside the temple.
The reward was so ample it produced a gentle tremble.
The finite called to the finite
in the climate of the light
of the infinite type
until the clouds rolled into sight.
Darkness increased quickly towards that of night.
My heart started at the rumble
of the thunder drum bum bum tumble
as the waves of wind and spirit started the splattering patter
that cleanses the soul in relation to organic and inorganic matter
when rain roars to the ground with the madness of the hatter.
The lightning flash
of love commanded respect with a dash
from the crash.
The sign on the knoll was briefly illuminated
in a field outside of town. The welcome was stated.
I was too wet to be elated.
There was no gate
inviting you to peacefully investigate.
A squad of five deer stood near
a pond in the forest looking queer.
A school of fish were edified by the nearness of the deer
to their sphere in their wet and clear frontier.
The builder of charm
felt alarm at the knight of swords card.
A hero on a horse rode forward ready to charge.
The empty mind in time
presents perception as the means to align
perspective with design for the moral climb.
The darkness of knowledge
is illumined with a question for college
revealed through prayer from the astonished.
"Will you help me?"
I say to divinity.
"You are my rock,
the strength in whom I take stock.
You are the Giver of life
in whom I take refuge from strife.
You are the Savior in whom I trust.
Why have you left me to rust?
Why must I settle for less than enough
while my work is for boon, not bust?"
It's as if my adversary was from the tomb
pouring salt on my wound
to increase the pain
in each refrain.
I am taunted. I feel tainted
by the question that was feinted,
"Where is your deliverance?
Why are you so ignorant?"
Why are you cast down, dear soul?
Why have you become so unsettled within your role?
Put your trust in the experience of deliverance.
Divine being will be praised without ambivalence
within the sanctuary of your temple with reverence.
Creative leadership will shine fully in time.
Love will be crowned with the chime
of live in prime time.
42 Quemadmodum
1 As the deer longs for the water-brooks, *
so longs my soul for you, O God.
2 My soul is athirst for God, athirst for the living God; *
when shall I come to appear before the presence of God?
3 My tears have been my food day and night, *
while all day long they say to me,
"Where now is your God?"
4 I pour out my soul when I think on these things; *
how I went with the multitude and led them into the
house of God,
5 With the voice of praise and thanksgiving, *
among those who keep holy-day.
6 Why are you so full of heaviness, O my soul? *
and why are you so disquieted within me?
7 Put your trust in God; *
for I will yet give thanks to him,
who is the help of my countenance, and my God.
8 My soul is heavy within me; *
therefore I will remember you from the land of Jordan,
and from the peak of Mizar among the heights of Hermon.
9 One deep calls to another in the noise of your cataracts; *
all your rapids and floods have gone over me.
10 The Lord grants his loving-kindness in the daytime; *
in the night season his song is with me,
a prayer to the God of my life.
11 I will say to the God of my strength,
"Why have you forgotten me? *
and why do I go so heavily while the enemy
oppresses me?"
12 While my bones are being broken, *
my enemies mock me to my face;
13 All day long they mock me *
and say to me, "Where now is your God?"
14 Why are you so full of heaviness, O my soul? *
and why are you so disquieted within me?
15 Put your trust in God; *
for I will yet give thanks to him,
who is the help of my countenance, and my God.
The Book of Judith is deuterocanonical. It is included in the Septuagint. This gives it a place in the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox scripture. It is excluded from Jewish texts and assigned by Protestants to the Apocrypha.
The book contains historical anachronisms. There are scholars that assert that it is non-historical. It has been considered a parable. It could be the first historical novel. The oldest existing version is in the Septuagint. It might be a translation from Hebrew or it could have been composed in Greek.
The story revolves around Judith. She is a daring and beautiful widow who is upset with her countrymen for not trusting God to deliver them from their foreign conquerors. She goes with her loyal maid to the camp of the enemy general, Holofernes. She slowly ingratiates herself with him by promising information on the Israelites.
Holofernes was an invading general of Nebuchadnezzar. He had been dispatched to take vengeance on the nations of the West. They withheld their assistance to his reign.
Who was Nabu?
http://www.azquotes.com/picture-quotes/quote-may-all-the-gods-whom-i-settled-in-their-sacred-centers-ask-daily-of-bel-and-nabu-that-cyrus-the-great-111-91-15.jpg
Nabu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabu
Nabu was known as Nisaba in the Sumerian pantheon. He was worshiped by the Assyrians as well. He gained prominence among the Babylonians in the 1st millennium BCE when he was identified as the son of the god Marduk.
This made him a Mesopotamian deity. He was the god of literacy. Egyptian culture is older than the Mesopotamian. He was probably derived from Thoth, he who is like the ibis. The Greeks would call him Hermes.
Nebuchadrezzar II (c. 605 BC – c. 562 BCE)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II
Nebuchadrezzar II was not a part of the same dynastic succession as Nebuchadrezzar I (r. c. 1125–1104 BCE).
He had the same name. It means "O god Nabu, preserve my firstborn son." He was the king of Babylon. He had the longest and most powerful reign of any monarch in the Neo-Babylonian empire.
Nebuchadnezzar was the eldest son and successor of Nabopolassar, an Assyrian official who rebelled and established himself as king of Babylon in 620 BC. The dynasty he established ruled until 539 BCE when the Neo-Babylonian Empire was conquered by Cyrus the Great.
Nebuchadnezzar is first mentioned in 607 BCE. The event where he was mentioned was during the destruction of Babylon's arch-enemy Assyria. He was already crown prince by this time.
He led a force with his ally Cyaxares. Cyaxares was the ruler of the Medes and Persians. The combined force went against the Assyrians and Egyptians in 605. The Assyrians were in control of Syria.
Holofernes occupied the kingdoms along the sea coast. He destroyed the temples for the gods, so all nations would worship the god of Nebuchadnezzar alone. Holofernes was warned by Achior, the leader of the children of Ammon, against attacking the Jewish people. Holofernes and his followers were angered by Achior. They rebuked him insisting that there was no god other than Nebu.
The general laid siege to Bethulia, commonly believed to be Meselieh. The city almost surrendered. Holofernes's advance stopped the water supply to Bethulia. The people lost heart and encouraged Ozias and their rulers to give way. The leaders vowed to surrender if no help arrived within five days.
Bethulia was saved by a woman. Judith was the beautiful Hebrew widow who entered Holofernes's camp and seduced him. She was allowed access to his tent one night as he had fallen to the ground in a drunken stupor. She decapitated him, then took his head back to her fearful countrymen. The Assyrians had lost their leader, so they were dispersed. Israel was saved. Judith remained unmarried for the rest of her life though she was courted by many.
Judith 9:11
Judith prayed, 'Your strength does not depend on numbers, nor your might on the powerful. You are the God of the lowly, helper of the oppressed, upholder of the weak, protector of the forsaken, saviour of those without hope."
------------------------
One of the inconsistancies of the story about Judith was that the kingdom of Israel was attacked by Assyria, not Babylon. Nebuchadrezzar was the ruler of Babylon, not Assyria.
Another was that Israel was saved. The kingdom was conquered. The people were either killed, sold into slavery or dispersed in some other way. The territory for the kingdom of Israel was called Samaria. Samaria was taken during the rule of Sargon II. The siege had been started by Shalmaneser in 722 BCE. This was after the reign of Nebuchadrezzar I and before that of Nebuchadrezzar II.
2 Corinth. 5:15
Christ died for all, so that those who live might live no longer for themselves, but for him who died and was raised for them.
John 20:11-12
Mary stood weeping outside the tomb. She bent over to look into the tomb as she wept. She saw two angels in white sitting where the body of Jesus had been laid. One was at the head and the other at the feet.
Mary Magdalene
http://satucket.com/lectionary/Mary_Magdalene.htm
Mary Magdalene is mentioned in the Gospels as being among the women of Galilee who followed Jesus and His disciples. She was present at His Crucifixion and Burial. She went to the tomb on Easter Sunday to annoint His body. She was the first to see the Risen Lord. She announced His Resurrection to the apostles. She is referred to in early Christian writings as "the apostle to the apostles."
The name Magdalene is an association with Magdala. Magdala held the Migdal tower. This tower was used to dry fish.
The Mariamne tower had an association with the Hasmonean dynasty. It was named for Mariamne, the wife of Herod. Mariamne is a Hebrew form for the name Mary. The Hasmoneans were replaced by the Herodians in the Judean monarchy by the Romans.
Rome had helped the Hasmoneans to ascend to power, but they were interested in changing the kingdom into a republic.
Mariamne Tower
aka Mariamne Magdala
Mary Magdalene
Herod's Citadel
http://www.bible-history.com/jerusalem/mariamme_tower.jpg
The Towers
King Herod built the three towers for the citadel upon a location that was already fortified. It had been a stronghold since the days of Solomon. The citadel was the highest point of the city. It was about 2500 feet above sea level. Herod added to the citadel and built the towers to protect his palace and the western side of the city. These were fantastic towers. The largest was the Phasael Tower but the most beautiful was dedicated to his wife Mariamne.
The tower was named after the beloved Hasmonean wife whom he had murdered. Josephus said "the king considering it appropriate that the tower named after a woman should surpass in decoration those called after men." It stood 74 feet high.
Titus spared Herod's fortress when he destroyed most of Jerusalem in 70 CE. Nothing remains of Herod's three towers. A Citadel named "David's Tower" stands on the spot where Phasael’s Tower had been.
Herod's Murders
Antiquities 15.7.4 222-231
http://josephus.org/Mariamme.htm#lastPlot
The king lay down to rest about noon one day. He called for Mariamme out of the great desire he always had for her. She came in, but would not lie down with him. She expressed her contempt for him when he urged her. She bitterly reproached him for having had her grandfather and her brother killed.
He took the statement as impudence. He was on the verge of doing something rash to her. The king's sister Salome observed how greatly disturbed he was. She sent in his principal servant who had been prepared long beforehand for just such an opportunity.
Salome had instructed him to tell the king that Mariamme had tried to persuade him to assist in preparing a love potion for the king. If the king appeared to be greatly concerned and asked further about the supposed love potion, the servant was to say that Mariamme prepared the potion. He was only asked to give it to him. If the king did not appear to be much concerned he was to let the matter drop so no harm should come to the servant in either case.
Salome took this opportunity to send him in to make his speech. So he went in with assurance and urgency and said that Mariamme had given him presents to persuade him to give the king a love potion. The king felt that he had been bewitched. He put his wife on trial. Herod gathered together those most faithful to him. He brought the accusation against Mariamme concerning the love potions and drugs she had been alleged to have prepared.
He lost his temper while speaking and was in too great a passion to judge. The jury perceived this. They condemned her to death.
It occurred to him and some of those in the court that she should not be so hastily put to death after the sentence had been passed. She should be imprisoned in one of the fortresses of the kingdom instead. Salome and her party labored hard to have the woman put to death immediately. They persuaded the king by advising him of the danger of demonstrations by the populace were she allowed to live. Mariamne was led out to her execution. She was killed about 29 BCE.
Herod's palace was constructed between 37 and 4 BCE. Jesus of Nazareth was most probably tried by Pontius Pilate in the courtyard for the palace.
The Hasmoneans were the family dynasty referred to in the books of the Maccabees. Herod professed love for her, but he was Idumaean. He wasn't Judean. He was appointed king by the Romans. He married Mariamne to appease the Judeans and the Romans. He was motivated by jealousy of their popularity among the people. He had a tower built in her name, but it was only a claim to his testimony of love. This "love" was an outward sign of a condition lacking grace.
The Magdalene Mariamne was known to the writers of the gospel.
Gospel Writers
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/…/who-was-mary-magdalene-11…/…
The gospels are not eyewitness accounts. They were written 35 to 65 years after Jesus’ death. It is believed that there was a common source for the sayings of Jesus. The differences in the accounts was due to the jelling of separate oral traditions that had taken form in different Christian communities. Jesus was crucified in about the year 30 CE. The gospels of Mark, Matthew and Luke date to about 65 to 85. The common material lends credibility to the existence of a common source.
The Gospel of John was composed around 90 to 95. It is distinct. It was written last. When we read about Mary Magdalene in each of the gospels we are not getting history in a strict factual sense. Each account is the documentation of a communal memory. The memory was shaped by time, shades of emphasis and the effort to make a distinct theological point.
The synoptic texts are Mark, Matthew and Luke. They share enough common material to warrant the assumption of the same source of sayings. The dating of the written record is associated with the destruction of Jerusalem. The destruction and the affiliated persecution gave the writers a motivation to document that which they believed to be true in the context of theological history.
Mary Magdalene was the first witness to the empty tomb in which Jesus had been placed. The crucifixion of Jesus corresponds with the destruction of Jerusalem in this context. His resurrection is a testimony to the faith that a better state of affairs would be constructed.
This was taken by the popes who called for the crusades as a claim to the city of Jerusalem. It is better to understand the resurrection of Jesus as Christ as a call to redeem the law from the doctrine of destruction that was grafted into the text of the bible during the codification of the canon by the Roman occupation.
The Magdala Stone
https://upload.wikimedia.org/…/800px-Magdala_Stone_%284%29.…
Altar ?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdala_stone
The Magdala stone is a carved stone block unearthed by archaeologists in a Galilean synagogue in Israel. It is dated to the time before the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in the year 70.
It is noted for detailed carving. The carving was made while that Temple still stood. It is assumed to have been made by an artist who had seen the scene before it was destroyed by the Roman military.
Some archaeologists describe the carving as something that enables a new, scholarly understanding of the synagogue. The place for worship was conceptualized as sacred during the period while the Temple was still standing. This overturns the long-held scholarly consensus that the synagogue was merely an assembly or study hall prior to the destruction of Jerusalem. The Torah and other sacred books were read aloud and studied in each synagogue building, but it was not a sacred space for worship with prayer.
The Magdala altar stone stood in the center of the Migdal Synagogue. It is tall enough to have been used as a reading desk or podium by someone in a seated position. A similar size stone was found in an ancient synagogue dating from the Byzantine period in a dig at nearby Horvat Kur. It is also carved with images of the Temple.
Rina Talgam is a professor who specializes in the art of the ancient Near East at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is a leading scholar on the meaning of this stone. She understands the Magdala Stone as a depiction of the Temple and the implements used in worship. The carving includes the depiction of the Holy of Holies by an artist who had actually seen the Temple and was familiar with the most sacred of spaces.
The image on the Magdala stone was intended to lend a sacred aura to this synagogue. The image made it “like a lesser Temple” for use in Galilee. The territory was a long journey from Jerusalem under the conditions of that pedestrian era. Most people traveled by foot.
Migdal, Israel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migdal,_Israel
The town is named after the old city of Migdala Nunia (Aramaic: "fish tower"). It was the home town of Mary of Magdala (Luke 8:2). It is situated just west of the Kinneret on Tiberias-Rosh Pina road.
A salvage dig was conducted by the Israel Antiquities Authority in September 2009. It was prior to the construction of a hotel. The dig revealed an ancient synagogue believed to date back some 2000 years. It was dated from 50 BCE to 100 CE.
Archaeologists discovered an unusual stone carved with a seven-branched menorah in the middle of a 120 sq.m. main hall. It is the first of its kind to be discovered from the early Roman period. The walls are decorated with brightly colored frescoes in addition to the engraved stone.
Mary Magdalene
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdala
All four gospels refer to a follower of Jesus called Mary Magdalene. It is usually assumed that this means "Mary from Magdala". There is no biblical information to indicate whether this was her home or her birthplace. Most Christian scholars assume that she was from the place the Talmud calls Magdala Nunayya. This is also where Jesus landed on the occasion recorded by Matthew.
Josephus refers to a wealthy Galilean town destroyed by the Romans in the Jewish War from 66-73 CE. The town had the Greek name "Tarichææ" from its prosperous fisheries. Josephus did not give its Hebrew name.
There are authors who identify this place with Magdala Nunaiya. The "fish tower" was used to dry fish. It was also known in biblical times for flax weaving and dyeing. It was a major campaign camp for Josephus during the Jewish Wars.
Its reference in Matthew 15: 39 is given as "Magadan" in some editions. It is called "Dalmanutha" in Mark 8: 10. The site is known now as "el-Medjel."
The name, Mary Magdalene, represents a conjunction between the Mariamne and Magdala towers.
The resultant 'watchtower' was a testimony to the history for the time. The destruction of the city of Jerusalem was a marker that indicated that the Romans had assisted the Hasmoneans to obtain liberation from the Seleucids in order to establish a republic in place of the kingdom.
Judean law would still act as a witness to the history of law itself with respect for the development in the Middle East and Mediterranean areas. Allusions to the contributions of Egyptian, Assyrian, Babylonian, Seleucid and Roman empires were encoded with respect for the ancient law against murder recorded in the script for the code of Ur-Nammu, an ancient Sumerian expression.
Sumerian was the first language of cuneiform letters. It was a step beyond the hieroglyphs of Egypt. The factual expression of history was something that was being derived from the progression from the symbolic fiction associated with polytheism to the realistic frame for the historical perspective as presented by the prevailing moral concern of monotheism.
7.23.18
PM Jupiter, Moon, Saturn, Mars, Neptune AM Uranus, Mercury, Venus
F7.20 Waxing Gibbous near Jupiter
T7.24 Full Moon meets Saturn
Karl Menninger, 7.23.1893, Topeka, KS
卡尔门宁格
卡 Ka card no kanji Ka- か- カ- Kal 칼 knife
尔 er you no kanji ru る ル Me 메 me
门 Men gate mon gate Me め メ ning 닝 ning
宁 ning peaceful cho cal n ん ン geo 거 roughness
格 ge investigate ko status ni に ニ
n ん ン
ga- が- ガ-
Topeka passed through a boom period that ended in disaster during the late 1880's. There was vast speculation on town lots. The 1889 bubble burst and many investors were ruined. Topeka, however, doubled in population during the period and was able to weather the depressions of the 1890's.
Another kind of boom happened in the early in the 20th Century. This time the automobile industry took off. Numerous pioneering companies appeared and disappeared. Topeka was not left out.
Karl Augustus Menninger was an American psychiatrist and a member of the family of psychiatrists who founded the Menninger Foundation and the Menninger Clinic in Topeka, Kansas. He was long considered the elder statesman and dean of American psychiatry.
He was a crusader for many causes, including neglected and abused children, prisoners, American Indians and wildlife.
Donald Trump 6.14.46, New York, NY
唐纳德·特朗普
FB
Tweet
唐 Tang empty to China Do ど ド Do 도 degree
纳 ne admit no kanji na な ナ nal 날 day
德 de morality toku morality ru る ル deu 드 de
特 Te unique toku special do ど ド Teu 트 the
朗 lang clear ro bright To と ト leom 럼 rum
普 pu universal fu universal ra ら ラ peu 프 the
n ん ン
pu ぷ プ
The difficult years of the Great Depression saw the election of reformer Fiorello La Guardia as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.
Returning World War II veterans created a post-war economic boom. Large housing tracts in eastern Queens and Nassau County were developed as well as similar suburban areas in New Jersey. New York emerged from the war as the leading city of the world. Wall Street assumed America's place as the world's dominant economic power.
Donald Trump is the 45th and current President of the United States. He was a businessman and television personality before entering politics.
Woody Harrelson, 7.23.61, Midland, TX
伍迪哈里森
FB
Tweet
伍 Wu five go squad U うウ ウ U 우 right
迪 di enlighten teki edify d っ ッ di 디 d
哈 Ha yawn ha school of fish de で デ Hae 해 year
里 li inside ri village -i ぃ ィ leol 럴 the
森 sen forest shi forest Ha は ハ seun 슨 the
re れ レ
ru る ル
so そ ソ
n ん ン
Midland was established in June 1881 as Midway Station on the Texas and Pacific Railway. It earned its name because of its central location between Fort Worth and El Paso. It had become one of the most important cattle shipping centers in the state by 1890.
It was changed significantly by the discovery of oil in the Permian Basin in 1923. The Santa Rita No. 1 well began producing in Reagan County. This was followed shortly by the Yates Oil Field in Iraan. It was transformed into the administrative center of the West Texas oil fields.
Midland was the largest bombardier training base in the country during the Second World War. A second boom period began after the war with the discovery and development of the Spraberry Trend. It was still ranked as the third-largest oil field in the United States by total reserves.
Woody Harrelson is an American actor, comedian, activist, and playwright. He is an enthusiast and supporter for the legalization of marijuana and hemp. He is also an environmental activist. He has spoken publicly against the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
Charisma Carpenter, 7.23.70, Las Vegas, NV
克里斯马卡彭特
FB
Pics
克 Ke restrain koku overcome Ka か カ Ka 카 car
里 li home ri village ri り リ li 리 lee
斯 si this shi this su す ス seu 스 switch
马 ma horse no kanji ma ま マ ma 마 hemp
卡 Ka card sa card Ka- か- カ- Ka 카 car
彭 peng Peng ho swelling pe ぺ ペ pen 펜 pen
特 te special toku special n ん ン ta 타 other
ta- た- タ-
The Moulin Rouge opened in the 1950's. It became the first racially integrated casino-hotel in Las Vegas.
Nuclear weapons testing began at the Nevada Test Site in 1951. The tests were conducted 65 miles (105 km) northwest of the city. Residents and visitors were able to witness the mushroom clouds until 1963. They were exposed to the fallout. The limited Test Ban Treaty required that nuclear tests be moved underground.
The iconic "Welcome to Las Vegas" sign was created in 1959 by Betty Willis. It was never located within municipal limits.
Corporations and business powerhouses such as Howard Hughes were building and buying hotel-casino properties during the 1960's. Gambling was referred to as "gaming" which transitioned into legitimate business.
Charisma Carpenter is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Cordelia Chase in the popular TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1997–1999) and its spin-off series Angel (1999–2004).
She was born in Las Vegas, Nevada in 1970. She is the daughter of Christine, a bird sanctuary worker, and Don Carpenter, a salesman. She has two older brothers, Ken and Troy, and two nieces, Chrissy and Mackenzie. She is of Spanish (from her maternal grandfather), French and German descent.
Daniel Radcliffe, 7.23.89, London, England
丹尼尔·雷德克里夫
FB
Tweet
丹 Dan red tan red Da だ ダ Da 다 all
尼 ni nun ni nun ni に ニ ni 니 needle
尔· er you no kanji e え エ el 엘 l
雷 Lei terrific rai thunder ru る ル Lae 래 below
德 de morality toku morality Ra ら ラ deu 드 de
克 ke restrain koku overcome do ど ド keul 클 big
里 li home ri village ku く ク li 리 lee
夫 fu husband fu husband ri り リ peu 프 the
fu ふ フ
The Greater London Council was abolished in 1986. This left London without a central administration until 2000. City government was restored, with the creation of the Greater London Authority. The Millennium Dome, London Eye and Millennium Bridge were constructed to celebrate the start of the 21st century.
Daniel Radcliffe is an English actor and producer best known for his role as Harry Potter in the film series of the same name. He was born in Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Hammersmith, London, England in 1989.
He is the only child of Marcia Jeannine Gresham (née Jacobson) and Alan George Radcliffe. His mother is Jewish and was born in South Africa and raised in Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex. His father was raised in Banbridge, County Down, Northern Ireland, in a "very working-class" Protestant family. Radcliffe's maternal ancestors were Jewish immigrants from Poland and Russia.
Marina Okada, 7.24.93, Tokyo, Japan
岡田万里奈
UpFront
岡 gang ridge Oka knoll Ma ま マ Ma 마 hemp
田 tian field da rice field ri り リ li 리 lee
万 wan by chance Ma 10,000 na な ナ na 나 I
里 li home ri village O お オ O 오 five
奈 nai help ? na what? ka か カ ka 카 car
da だ ダ da 다 all
The Soviet Union declared war on Japan a week before Tokyo’s Aug. 15 surrender in 1945. The declaration scrapped the neutrality pact. The soviet republic seized the southern Kuril islands.
The two countries signed the Japan-Soviet Joint Declaration in 1956. This ended the state of war and restored diplomatic ties. The Soviet Union agreed to return two of the four islands after a peace treaty was signed.
The 1993 Tokyo Declaration was signed by then Japanese Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa and Russian President Boris Yeltsin. The statement was central to the development of Japanese and Russian relations. The two nations agreed to settle the territorial dispute regarding the islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri and Shikotan in the declaration. The Habomai group of islets were added in order to conclude a peace treaty early and to normalize their relations.
When Putin was elected president in 2001 Japan and Russia agreed to recognize the 1956 joint declaration as the starting point for negotiations to resolve the island issue. President Putin met with Prime Minister Abe in 2016 for talks on the territorial issue.
Okada Marina is a Japanese singer. She is one of the vocalists in the pop-rock band LoVendoЯ and the unit Love Bitter EX. She was born in Tokyo in 1993.
%2C_October_2009.JPG)
